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CSW > South America > Flashcards

South America Flashcards

1
Q

Which country in South America makes the most wine?

A

Argentina

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2
Q

What geographical features influence the climate of Argentina?

A

Atlantic Ocean and Andes mountains

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3
Q

Describe the winegrowing environment of Argentina.

A

a) high elevations
b) rain shadow - unlimited sunshine
c) Zonda winds
d) threat of hailstorms

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4
Q

What were the original grapes for which Argentina was known?

A

Pais or Mission family of grapes–Criolla Grande, Criolla Chica, Cereza

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5
Q

What two varietals are most closely identified with Argentina today?

A

Malbec and Torrontes

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6
Q

Grapes known as Torrontes are actually comprised of which three varieties?

A

1) Riojano
2) Mendocino
3) Sanjuanino

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7
Q

Name 2 grapes that are genetically identical to Bonarda Argentina and 1 that is not.

A

1) Charbona in California
2) Douce Noir in France
3) Bonarda in Italy

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8
Q

What are the 3 levels of appellations in Argentina?

A

1) Denominacion de Origine Controlada
2) Indicacion Geographica
3) Indicacion de Procedencia

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9
Q

Argentina’s DOC system is regulated by the __________.

A

Consejo, or council

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10
Q

What are the only two DOC regions in Argentina to date?

A

1) Lujan de Cuyo
2) San Raphael

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11
Q

What are “vinos finos”?

A

Literally, fine wines–the finest wines of Argentina, governed by the Istituto Nacional de Vitivinicultura

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12
Q

Which Argentine wine region is located in the extreme Northwest of the country and has some of the highest elevation vineyards in the world?

A

Jujuy

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13
Q

What is the highest-elevation vineyard in Argentina?

A

Moya Vineyard

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14
Q

Which subregion of Salta is known for high-elevation Torrontes Riojano?

A

Cafayette

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15
Q

The ______________________ subregion of Salta is home to an ultra-high elevation vineyard ________________________.

A

a) Molinos
b) Altura Maxima

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16
Q

What subregion are most of the vineyards in Tucuman located?

A

Calchaqui Valley

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17
Q

In Catamarca, ___________ of acres under vine are planted to _________________ varieties.

A

a) 40%
b) Criolla

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18
Q

Where are most of the vineyards located in La Rioja and what kinds of grapes are grown there?

A

a) Famatina Valleys
b) 32% Torrontes Riojana, 51% red grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Bonarda, Syrah and Malbec

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19
Q

What is the 2nd largest grape producing province in Argentina?

A

San Juan

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20
Q

How much Argentine wine production takes place in Mendoza?

A

75%

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21
Q

What are the five subregions of Mendoza?

A

1) Uco Valley
2) Primera Zone
3) Northern Oasis
4) East Mendoza
5) South Mendoza

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22
Q

Which group was responsible for wine production in Cordoba until 1767?

A

The Jesuits

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23
Q

Which rivers are important in the Neuquen Province?

A

1) Neuquen River
2) Limay River

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24
Q

Describe the climate and topography of La Pampa?

A

a) moderate continental
b) gently undulating plains

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25
Q

Which Argentine province contains some of the lowest elevation vineyards?

A

Rio Negro

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26
Q

What international variety thrives in Rio Negro and Chubut?

A

Pinot Noir

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27
Q

One of the southmost vineyards in the world, ________________, is located in the Argentine province of ________________.

A

a) Sarmiento
b) Chubut

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28
Q

What GI contains the eastmost vineyards in Argentina, just a few miles from the Atlantic?

A

Chapadmalal GI

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29
Q

What are the leading grapes in Buenos Aires?

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir

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30
Q

How many miles of coastline does Chile have, and how much of it is involved in viticulture?

A

a) 2700 miles
b) 800 miles

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31
Q

What geographical features form the boundaries of Chile?

A

The Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountains, the Atacama Desert and the frozen archipelago of Tierra del Fuego.

32
Q

What unique distinction does Chile hold?

A

It’s considered Phylloxera-free

33
Q

What is the climate of Chile?

A

Mediterranean

34
Q

What is the Humbolt C urrent?

A

A cold ocean current that brings cool, moist inland to Chile.

35
Q

What was Carmenere originally known as in Chile?

A

Merlot Chileno.

36
Q

Who is responsible for identifying Carmenere correctly in Chile, and when?

A

a) Professor Jean- Michel Boursiquot of the Montpellier School of Oenology
b) 1994

37
Q

Where did vines in Chile originally come from?

A

Bordeaux

38
Q

Carmenere is often the ____________ grape to be picked.

A

last

39
Q

Much of Chile’s Sauvignon Blanc turned out to be _______________________, also known as _________________ or ________________ instead.

A

a) Sauvignon Vert
b) Sauvignonasse
c) Friulano

40
Q

Which country’s wine laws are most similar to Chile’s, and why?

A

a) United States
b) one category (Denominacion de Origen)
c) no restrictions with respect to varietal
d) 75% minimum for origin, vintage and varietal

41
Q

What 3 terms were recently approved for use on Chilean wine labels?

A

1) Costa
2) Entre Cordilleras
3) Andes

42
Q

What are the 6 main Regiones Viticolas in Chile?

A
  1. Atacama
  2. Coquimbo
  3. Aconcongua
  4. Central Valley
  5. Del Sur
  6. Austral Region
43
Q

What is mostly grown in the Atacama Desert?

A

grapes used for table grapes or Pisco

44
Q

What subregion of the Coquimbo is seen as one of the country’s best producers of Syrah?

A

Elqui Valley

45
Q

What is produced in the Limari Valley and why?

A

a) mineral driven whites, particularly Chardonnay, due to moderating influence of the Humbolt Current

46
Q

Name an interesting fact about the geography of the Choapa Valley?

A

It’s located at Chile’s narrowest point, where there’s no distinction between the Coastal and Andes Mountains

47
Q

What are the three subregions of the Aconcagua?

A
  1. Aconcagua Valley
  2. Casablanca Valley
  3. San Antonio Valley
48
Q

What is the warmest subregion of the Aconcagua?

A

Aconcagua Valley

49
Q

Contrast the climates of the Aconcagua Valley with that of the Casablanca Valley?

A

Mediterranean VS Maritime

50
Q

Which zone inside the San Antonio Valley is known for wines with great minerality and complexity?

A

Leyda Valley

51
Q

What are the 4 subregions of the Central Valley in Chile from North to South?

A
  1. Maipo Valley
  2. Rapel Valley
  3. Curico Valley
  4. Maule Valley
52
Q

Viticultural Regions are further divided into ___________, ______________ and ______________ in Chile?

A

a. Subregion
b) Zone
c) Area

53
Q

Which subregion of the Central Valley is the considered the country’s historic heart of winemaking and what is its specialty?

A

a) Maipo Valley
b) Cabernet Sauvignon

54
Q

What two valleys make up the larger Rapel Valley?

A

1) Cachapoal Valley
2) Colchagua Valley

55
Q

Curico Valley is located further ___________________ and has no __________________ influence.

A

a) inland
b) maritime

56
Q

What is “pipeno”?

A

A rustic style of winemaking in the Maule Valley often using Pais.

57
Q

What old vine grape is dry-farmed in the Maule Valley and what organization oversees its production?

A

a) Carignan
b) VIGNO - Viagnadores de Carignan

58
Q

What varietals are grown in Del Sur?

A

Pais and Moscatel

59
Q

Name three subregions in Del Sur with up-and-coming reputations for winemaking?

A

1) Itata Valley
2) Bio Bio Valley
3) Malleco Valley

60
Q

How many inches of rain does the Austral Region receive?

A

70 inches

61
Q

What is the climate in the Austral Region?

A

Marginal

62
Q

What are the two subregions of the Austral Region?

A

1) Cautin Valley
2) Osorno Valley

63
Q

What are GIs known as in Brazil?

A

a) Denominacao de Origem
b) Indicacao de Origem

64
Q

Where are four of Brazil’s six winegrowing regions located?

A

Rio Grande du Sol

65
Q

Which region is considered the cradle of Brazilian wine production?

A

Serra Gaucha

66
Q

What is Brazil’s only DO to date?

A

Vale dos Vinhedos DO

67
Q

Where are some of the OLDEST vineyards in Brazil?

A

Campanha

68
Q

Which Brazilian region has a tropical semi-arid climate and produces two harvests?

A

Vale do Sao Francisco

69
Q

Which Brazilian wine region is directly North of Serra Gaucha?

A

Campos de Cima da Serra

70
Q

Where are the highest elevation vineyards in Brazil located?

A

Planalto Catarinense

71
Q

What are the challenges winegrowers in Uruguay face?

A

high humidity and subtropical temperatures

72
Q

What is Tannat sometimes called in Uruguay?

A

Harriague

73
Q

Besides Tannat what two grapes are significantly planted in Uruguay?

A

Albarino and Black Muscat

74
Q

Which three areas in Uruguay are most known for winemaking?

A

1) Canelones District
2) Maldonado Region
3) Colonia District

75
Q
A

CSW (14 decks)

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