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UVic BIOL 334 - Spring 2019 > Wine > Flashcards

Wine Flashcards

1
Q

How many volatile compounds produce the scent in wine?

A

~200.

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2
Q

Wine, like ketchup, is a “__________”.

A

High amplitude product.

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3
Q

What 2 factors strongly influence the taste of wine?

A
  1. Smell

2. Context

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4
Q

What is meant by the term “empyreumatic”?

A

The smell of burnt organics.

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5
Q

What does Riesling (old), often taste of?

A

Petroleum.

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6
Q

What are the 2 kinds of grapes? What differentiates these?

A
  1. Table
  2. Wine
    Difference is in sweetness. Wine grapes start out sweeter (I think).
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7
Q

Where did grapes first originate?

A

In ancient Persia. They were brought to the Mediterranean.

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8
Q

What does “akratidzomai”, the ancient Greek word for breakfast, translate as?

A

“To drink undiluted wine”.

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9
Q

In the ancient world wines were mostly drunk locally. When they were exported how was this accomplished?

A

By storing them in amphorae (same as for olive oil), which made them taste of turpentine from the tar sealant used.

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10
Q

How much did the ancient Greeks dilute their wine?

A

3:1 with water.

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11
Q

What allowed the ancient Greeks to commit so much of their arable land to wine and olive growth?

A

They were a mercantile nation. They imported wheat from Egypt/Russia and so kept their own land for growing luxury goods which they got rich off.

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12
Q

Before wine and olive oil, what were the ancient Greeks known for producing?

A

Iron products (ex: armour, tools, etc).

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13
Q

What followed from the expansion of wine production in ancient Greece?

A

Dionysiac cults which incorporated wine into religion. Basically just drinking and orgies.

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14
Q

Why did the Greeks call Italy “Oenotria”?

A

Translates to “land of wine”. Wine grows well here.

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15
Q

What did Pliny the Elder conclude about wine storage? What was his opinion on wine growing in general?

A

Knew that wine storage changed the taste. “Growing wine is a lot of labour just to make people behave like animals”.

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16
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the first 3 drinks in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“First 3 drinks belong to scintillating conversation”.

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17
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 4th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“4th drink belongs to hubris”.

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18
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 5th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“5th drink belongs to shouting”.

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19
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 6th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“6th drink belongs to revelry”.

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20
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 7th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“7th drink belongs to black eyes”.

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21
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 8th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“8th drink belongs to summonses”.

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22
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 9th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“9th drink belongs to bile”.

23
Q

How did Eubulus (poet) describe the 10th drink in his “stages of inebriation”?

A

“10th drink belongs to madness”.

24
Q

How did wine spread to Gaul (modern-day France)?

A

Julius Caesar conquered Gaul, brought wine to what had previously been a beer drinking region.

25
Q

When did wine growing in Gaul collapse? What event coincided with this?

A

In the 4th century along with the Roman Empire.

26
Q

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, what kept wine cultivation going?

A

Because it was needed for holy mass in Roman Catholicism, the churches kept growing wine after the collapse of Rome.

27
Q

After the Dark Ages, why did wine grown in Bordeaux get shipped to England?

A

Because Bordeaux was under English rule for ~200 years.

28
Q

After the 11th century, what was the name of the royal house which France and England shared?

A

Plantagenet (ex: Richard the Lionheart, Eleanor of Aquitane, etc).

29
Q

What Bordeaux wine was popular in England around the 11th century?

A

Red wines - “claret”.

30
Q

Why were French vintners in Bordeaux incentivized to improve their product?

A

Because they wanted to appeal to the wealthy English market.

31
Q

What happened to English wine imports from Bordeaux after Bordeaux was taken over by the French?

A

The English continued to import Bordeaux wine for several hundred years.

32
Q

What effect does purely local consumption of wine have on the wine produced?

A

Shipping costs are nonexistent, so it stays cheap. But there is no incentive to improve the wine.

33
Q

Why does France have so many small vineyards, as compared to the large farms in other parts of the world?

A

Because of wine’s high value, a landowner could survive even with far less property.

34
Q

What system did the French create in the 19th century to control wine production? What 6 factors does this address?

A

The AOC (appellation d’origine controlee)

  1. Grape variety
  2. Location
  3. Method of production
  4. Method of storage
  5. Taste/smell qualities
  6. Vintner (they eventually die though)
35
Q

How many varieties of wine are there?

A

~10 000 varieties.

36
Q

How does the growing climate affect wine?

A

Changes the flavour. (sugar, pH, alcohol content, etc)

37
Q

What effect does too much sun during growth have on the wine that is produced?

A

Excess sugar, high pH, uninteresting high-alcohol product.

38
Q

What effect does not enough sun during growth have on the wine that is produced?

A

Too little sugar, low pH, too low in alcohol (tastes thin).

39
Q

Besides climate, what other environmental factors can affect the flavour of wine?

A

Any of:

  • Plant density
  • Plant age
  • Fertilizer
  • Soil
  • Grafting stock
  • Variety of grape
40
Q

What are some examples of grape varieties used in red wine?

A

Any of:

  • Pinot noir
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Gammay
41
Q

What are some examples of grape varieties used in white wine?

A

Any of:

  • Chardonnay
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Riesling
42
Q

What is the idea behind “terroir”?

A

Grapes grown in one place are inherently better than grapes from another place.

43
Q

What do many people think about terroir?

A

That it is a bad idea. Good wine-making has little to do with the idea of terroir/wine identity.

44
Q

When did the first vineyards get planted on Vancouver Island?

A

In the late 1980s.

45
Q

Why is Vancouver Island’s climate not suited to wine-making? What wines are made here?

A

We have cool evenings and early rains. Can only really make decent white wines which have been adapted to cooler temperatures.

46
Q

Book: What was found in ancient jars as a marker of grapes?

A

Tartaric acid

47
Q

Book: Name for the ancient art of wine making?

A

Science of enology

48
Q

Book: What converts grape juice into wine and who discovered it?

A

Yeast

Louis Pasteur

49
Q

Book: What is the cultivation of grapes known as?

A

Viticulture

50
Q

Book: When is wine fermentation completed?

A

When there are no more fermentable sugars in the wine

51
Q

Book: What did Dom Perignon say to describe drinking champagne?

A

Drinking stars!

52
Q

What is the minimum sucrose volume needed in wine grapes?

A

10%

53
Q

Book: What is notable about the wine grape Vitus labrusca?

A

It is the only native North American grape used to make wine.

UVic BIOL 334 - Spring 2019 (32 decks)

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