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DIG Biweekly 2 > Williams: Lipid Metabolism > Flashcards

Williams: Lipid Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

specific apo protein to HDL

A

ApoA1

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2
Q

marker specific for LDL

A

B100

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3
Q

marker specific for chylomicrons

A

ApoB48

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4
Q

transport lipids from intestine to other places (90% TGs)

A

chylomicrons

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5
Q

product of fat digestion
help absorb lipid and fat soluble vitamins

A

micelles

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6
Q

desirable HDL, LDL, TGs, TC levels

A
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7
Q

what lipoprotein contributes to plaque

A

LDL

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8
Q

need ___ to absorb vitamins and nutrients

A

fat

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9
Q

___ and ___ break down fat

A

bile salts and lipases

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10
Q

____ and ____ can affect how we break down and absorb fat

A

pH and lipases

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11
Q

helps form chylomicron, and if absent, NO chylomicrons formed

A

MTTP

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12
Q

MTTP inhibitor (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein)

A

LOMITAPIDE

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13
Q

how do chylomicrons leave intestines

A

through lymphatic system

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14
Q

chylomicron apoproteins

A

ApoB48
A1
C2
A5

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15
Q

role of A1 apoprotein

A

activates LCAT

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16
Q

does chylomicron have apoprotein A3

A

NO

17
Q

role of C2 and A5 apoproteins

A

activates LPL

18
Q

major defect is LPL and has elevated TGs in the 10,000-20,000 range
chylomicrons elevated

A

Type I (Familial Chylomicronemia)

19
Q

take excess energy and convert to TGs and stored in adipose tissue

A

overfed state

20
Q

prevent LDL receptor from being recycled back to membrane

A

PCSK9

21
Q

this drug (monoclonal antibodies) blocks PCSK9 and decreases LDLs in the blood

A

EVOLOCUMAB
ALIROCUMAB

22
Q

defect in LDL receptor
AD (homozygous form worse)
cholesterol elevated in the serum

A

familial hypercholesterolemia (type 2a hyperlipidemia)

23
Q

LDLR defect
LDL and VLDL elevated
increase in cholesterol and TGs

A

type IIb hyperlipidemia

24
Q

ApoE defect
increase in TGs

A

Type III hyperlipidemia

25
Q

rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis

A

HMG-CoA

26
Q

removes cholesterol from peripheral tissues and brings it back to liver

A

HDL

27
Q

hyperlipidemia w/ elevated VLDL, and increased serum TGs

A

Type IV

28
Q

hyperlipidemia w/ elevated VLDL and chylomicrons (due to LPL defect); majorly elevated TGs, and cholesterol is elevated too

A

Type V

29
Q

transports TGs (fat) from liver to different parts of the body

A

VLDL

30
Q

targets apoB mRNA in liver, reducing synthesis of apoB100 protein

A

Mipomersen

31
Q

inhibits fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis

A

Bempedoic acid

32
Q

2 main ways to treat hypertriglyceridemia

A

Omega-3 fatty acids
-fibrates (fenofibrate, gemfibrozil)

DIG Biweekly 2 (11 decks)

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