Why Had International Peace Collapsed By 1939? Flashcards
Hossbavh memorandum
Expansion at lowest cost
Space problem solved by 1933-35
Conquer Czech and Austria
Overruled generals
Hitler’s policies
Re arm Germany land from Versailles Unite in one reich Lebrensraum Hossbach memorandum
Hitler’s rearmament
1935- conscription and rearmament breaking Versailles
June- Anglo-German naval agreement
Saar
Jan 1935- Saar plebiscite voted Germany
Rhineland
March 1936-German troops entered Rhineland breaking lorcano treaty
Britain and France didn’t want to act because:
Occupied with Abyssinia
Hitler’s own backyard
Neither country military prepared
Strengthened hitler’s position over his generals.
Austria
Sought Anschluss
1934 Hitler attempted to take over government. Mussolini stopped him
1938: new alliance with Mussolini so tried again.
14th march 38- Austria part of Germany
Sudetenland & Munich agreement
Henlein 1938 demanded self government for Sudetenland.
Chamberlain met hitler 3 times
15 sept- Berchtesgaden 50% German. Chamberlain then met Daladier (fr) who agreed
22 sept- Bad Godesberg hitler made further demands
29 sept- Munich. Mus mediate. Four power conference (GBR, GR, ITALY, FR) Germany get Sudetenland, last territorial demand, no Czechs, piece of paper.
“Peace with honour, peace in our time” chamberlain
Dates leading to war 1939
March- Czechoslovakia, west Germany, East German puppet state, Slovakia.
April- Britain guaranteed pol ands neutrality
May- pact of steel, mus&hit
August- nazi-soviet pact
September 1st- Germany invaded Poland
September 3rd- Britain and France declared war.
Appeasement
The policy of pacifying an aggressor through giving in to their demands, thus maintaining peace.
Chamberlain & appeasement
1930s towards Italy & Germany
Why chamberlain appeasement
Seen ww1. No ww2
Army = not strong enough
Thought hitler= reasonable
Nazi-soviet pact
July 1939: Russian foreign minister, Molotov
