Why Did Germany Ask For An Armistice In 1918 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did the US enter the war

A

Zimmerman telegram - Mexico and German negotiations
If Mexico joined and attacked US, Germany would give them land

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2
Q

When did US join the war

A

April 6th 1917

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3
Q

What problems did the allies face on the western front by the end of 1917

A

Lack of men, French could only replace 2/3 of their army

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4
Q

What was the state of the German Army by 1918

A

Increase in alcoholism, desertion and lack of discipline and confidence

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5
Q

How many divisions did America send over by the end of 1917

A

1

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6
Q

Why did Germany need to win the war soon

A

Americans were coming, German economy was collapsing, child mortality was up, lack of food, allies on verge of collapse too

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7
Q

What and when was the first battle of the spring offensive

A

Operation Michael - 21st of March 1918

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8
Q

What was the bombardment in operation Michael like

A

Lasted 5hrs, 4000 field guns, trench mortars, mustard and phosgene gas,

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9
Q

What was the Ludendorff offensive

A

5 attacks using storm troopers and artillery bombardment. rapid advance. Overstretched supply lines

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10
Q

Who had supreme command over the allies

A

General Foch

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11
Q

Why was German advance slowed by March 26th

A

Tired and hungry, so they looted British supplies and wasted time there

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12
Q

When and where was the allied counter attack against the Ludendorff offensive

A

July 18th 1918 at Marne

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13
Q

When and where did the 100 day offensive take place in 1918

A

Amiens on the 8th of Aug 1918

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14
Q

Who/what was involved in the second battle of Marne

A

350 French tanks (Renault ft)
8 American divisions
44 French divisions
4 British division

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15
Q

What was the outcome of the battle of Amiens

A

8 mile advance by Canadians, 26,000 german casualties, turned the tides of war, described as the black day of the German army

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16
Q

When was the Hindenburg line breached and how much by

A

French + British armies struck 27th Sept 1918, tanks took out wire. 12 mile wide and 6 mile deep breach

17
Q

Who surrendered 29th of September

A

Bulgaria - treaty of Neuille

18
Q

What new government was formed on the 3rd of October and what did it do

A

Liberal government - led by prince Max Von Baden
Requested armistice from US

19
Q

What was happening on the German homefront by the end of 1918

A

Ludendorff resigned - oct 27th
Revolution (soldiers mutiny in Berlin, Cologneโ€ฆ) - 6th November

20
Q

When did the kaiser abdicate

A

Nov 9th

21
Q

What were some 100 day offensive tactics

A

Creeping Barrage, aircrafts + tank support, bite and hold tactics

22
Q

Why was the entry of US important

A

They had superior manufacturing capacity
Provided 1.4 mill troops
Lowered German morale
Loaned ยฃ850 mill to Britain

23
Q

Why was the blockade of Germany important

A

Caused bread riots and strikes
By 1916 food prices doubled
Mostly affected urban working class - increased popularity of socialist + communist beliefs
1916/17 turnip winter
Estimated 736,000 died from malnutrition
Caused low morale

24
Q

When was the Zimmerman telegram intercepted and released

A

Jan 1917