Why Did Germany Ask For An Armistice In 1918 Flashcards
Why did the US enter the war
Zimmerman telegram - Mexico and German negotiations
If Mexico joined and attacked US, Germany would give them land
When did US join the war
April 6th 1917
What problems did the allies face on the western front by the end of 1917
Lack of men, French could only replace 2/3 of their army
What was the state of the German Army by 1918
Increase in alcoholism, desertion and lack of discipline and confidence
How many divisions did America send over by the end of 1917
1
Why did Germany need to win the war soon
Americans were coming, German economy was collapsing, child mortality was up, lack of food, allies on verge of collapse too
What and when was the first battle of the spring offensive
Operation Michael - 21st of March 1918
What was the bombardment in operation Michael like
Lasted 5hrs, 4000 field guns, trench mortars, mustard and phosgene gas,
What was the Ludendorff offensive
5 attacks using storm troopers and artillery bombardment. rapid advance. Overstretched supply lines
Who had supreme command over the allies
General Foch
Why was German advance slowed by March 26th
Tired and hungry, so they looted British supplies and wasted time there
When and where was the allied counter attack against the Ludendorff offensive
July 18th 1918 at Marne
When and where did the 100 day offensive take place in 1918
Amiens on the 8th of Aug 1918
Who/what was involved in the second battle of Marne
350 French tanks (Renault ft)
8 American divisions
44 French divisions
4 British division
What was the outcome of the battle of Amiens
8 mile advance by Canadians, 26,000 german casualties, turned the tides of war, described as the black day of the German army
When was the Hindenburg line breached and how much by
French + British armies struck 27th Sept 1918, tanks took out wire. 12 mile wide and 6 mile deep breach
Who surrendered 29th of September
Bulgaria - treaty of Neuille
What new government was formed on the 3rd of October and what did it do
Liberal government - led by prince Max Von Baden
Requested armistice from US
What was happening on the German homefront by the end of 1918
Ludendorff resigned - oct 27th
Revolution (soldiers mutiny in Berlin, Cologne…) - 6th November
When did the kaiser abdicate
Nov 9th
What were some 100 day offensive tactics
Creeping Barrage, aircrafts + tank support, bite and hold tactics
Why was the entry of US important
They had superior manufacturing capacity
Provided 1.4 mill troops
Lowered German morale
Loaned £850 mill to Britain
Why was the blockade of Germany important
Caused bread riots and strikes
By 1916 food prices doubled
Mostly affected urban working class - increased popularity of socialist + communist beliefs
1916/17 turnip winter
Estimated 736,000 died from malnutrition
Caused low morale
When was the Zimmerman telegram intercepted and released
Jan 1917
