KQ1 Were the peace treaties of 1919-23 fair? Flashcards
What military restrictions were imposed on Germany because of the treaty of Versailles
Conscription was banned.
Army limited to 100,000
No submarines, aircrafts or army vehicles
Navy could only have 6 battle ships
Rhineland became demilitarised
15,000 men allowed in Navy
What was the war guilt clause in the treaty of Versailles?
Germany had to accept the blame for starting the war
What number was the war guilt clause?
Clause 231
What were germanys reparations set to at first?
6.6 billion
When was Germanys reparations set?
1921
What were some of the territorial changes caused by the treaty of Versailles?
(6 points)
Alsace-Lorraine went to France
North Schleswig went to Denmark
West Prussia + Posen -> polish corridor
Danzig was run by LofN and given to Poland as a sea port
East Prussia to Lithuania
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania became independent
Germany was forbidden to join (Anschluss) with Austria
Germanys overseas empire was taken away and former colonies became mandates controlled by the league
Saarland was to be run by LofN for 15 years and then a plebiscite would be held
Who was Americas representative and what was his views?
President Woodrow Wilson
Wanted to not be too harsh on Germany
Strengthen democracy in defeated countries
Give self determination to small countries
International co-operation
Who was Englands representative and what did he believe?
David Lloyd George
Germany not too harshly punished
Germany + Britain trade
Germany lose navy + colonies
Who was Frances representative and what did he believe
Georges Clemenceau
Cripple Germany
The loss of which areas damaged Germanys economy?
Saar and upper Silesia
How much of Germanys land did it lose bc of the treaty of Versailles?
10%
How much of Germanys population was lost due to the treaty of Versailles
12.5%
How did the Germans describe the treaty of Versailles
Diktat
What was Austria’s treaty and when was it done?
Treaty of St. Germain, 10th of September 1919
What were the main terms of the treaty of St. Germain
Italy gained Tyrol, trentino, Istria, Trieste
Czechoslovakia gained Sudetenland, Czech provinces and Slovakia
Serbia was given various Balkan states (Bosnia, Croatia…)
Poland gained Galicia
No Anschluss
Disarmed to 30,000 men + 3 Danubian Police Boats
What was Hungary’s treaty and when was it done
Treaty of Trianon, 4th June 1920
Main terms of the treaty of Trianon
Hungary lost border districts to Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
Transylvania was given to Romania which doubled Romania’s size
Army reduced to 35,000
What was the treaty of Bulgaria and when was it done
Treaty of Neuilly, 27th November 1919
Terms of Treaty of Neuilly
Western Thrace to Greece - Bulgaria lost coastline that led to the Mediterranean
Lost territory to Yugoslavia and Romania
Army reduced to 20,000
What was turkeys first treaty and when was it done
Treaty of Serves , August 1920
When and what was Turkeys second treaty
Treaty of Lausanne, 1923
Terms of treaty of Serves (5 points)
Turks lost middle-eastern empire
Saudi Arabia gained independence
Britain gained Palestine, Trans-Jordan and Iraq as mandates
France given Lebanon and Syria
Greece gained Easter Thrace + Smyrna
Italy gained Rhodes
Dardanelles straight became international waterway
Army reduced to 50,000
Who led the revolution of turkey and renegotiated the treaty
Mustafa Kemal
Terms of Lausanne
Turkey regained land lost to Greece
Straits remained demilitarised but returned to Turkish sovereignty
Turkey no longer had to pay reparations
Why was the treaty of Sevres renegotiated?
Britain didn’t want a war. Government was overthrown
