White Blood Cells Flashcards
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
To protect the body against infections and foreign invaders.
True or False: White blood cells are also known as leukocytes.
True
Fill in the blank: The two main types of white blood cells are ______ and ______.
granulocytes, agranulocytes
Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?
B lymphocytes (B cells)
What is the role of T lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune response?
To directly kill infected cells and coordinate the immune response.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of granulocyte? A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Monocytes D) Basophils
C) Monocytes
What is the normal range of white blood cells in a healthy adult’s blood?
4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter.
True or False: White blood cells can be found in tissues as well as in the bloodstream.
True
What is the primary function of neutrophils?
To engulf and destroy bacteria and fungi.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell is involved in allergic reactions? A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Monocytes
C) Basophils
Fill in the blank: The process by which white blood cells leave the bloodstream to reach tissues is called ______.
diapedesis
What is the lifespan of a typical white blood cell?
Days to years, depending on the type of cell.
True or False: Lymphocytes are a type of agranulocyte.
True
What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?
To ingest and digest pathogens and dead cells.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell is elevated during parasitic infections? A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Lymphocytes
B) Eosinophils
What is leukopenia?
A condition characterized by a low white blood cell count.
True or False: White blood cells can divide and replicate.
True
Fill in the blank: The primary site of white blood cell production is the ______.
bone marrow
What type of immunity do B cells provide?
Humoral immunity.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell is typically the first responder to an infection? A) Eosinophils B) Neutrophils C) Lymphocytes D) Basophils
B) Neutrophils
What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
To present antigens to T cells and activate them.
True or False: Basophils release histamine during an allergic reaction.
True
Fill in the blank: The white blood cell count is typically measured in ______ per microliter of blood.
cells
What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells?
To attack and destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in cell-mediated immunity? A) B cells B) T cells C) Neutrophils D) Monocytes
B) T cells
What is leukocytosis?
A condition characterized by an elevated white blood cell count.
True or False: Monocytes can differentiate into macrophages.
True
Fill in the blank: The immune response can be categorized into ______ and ______ immunity.
innate, adaptive
What are cytokines?
Signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell has a role in the allergic response and asthma? A) B cells B) Eosinophils C) Neutrophils D) T cells
B) Eosinophils
What is the function of memory T cells?
To provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.
True or False: White blood cells originate from stem cells in the liver.
False
Fill in the blank: The ______ is responsible for filtering blood and producing lymphocytes.
spleen
What are the primary components of the immune system?
White blood cells, antibodies, and complement proteins.
Multiple Choice: Which type of cell is responsible for antibody production? A) T cells B) B cells C) Neutrophils D) Monocytes
B) B cells
What is the role of helper T cells?
To assist other white blood cells in the immune response.
True or False: All white blood cells have the ability to phagocytize pathogens.
False
Fill in the blank: The presence of white blood cells in the body is an indicator of ______.
infection or inflammation
What type of white blood cell is primarily involved in chronic inflammation?
Macrophages
Multiple Choice: Which white blood cell type is responsible for the body’s response to viral infections? A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) T cells D) Basophils
C) T cells
What is the function of suppressor T cells?
To regulate and suppress the immune response.
True or False: White blood cells are produced in the lymph nodes.
False
Fill in the blank: The white blood cell count is an important diagnostic tool for assessing ______.
health status or disease
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
The primary function of white blood cells is to protect the body against infections and foreign invaders.
True or False: White blood cells can be classified into two main categories: granulocytes and agranulocytes.
True
Fill in the blank: The most common stain used for identifying white blood cells is __________ stain.
Wright’s
What are the two primary types of granulocytes?
Neutrophils and eosinophils.
Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in allergic reactions?
Eosinophils.
What color do neutrophils typically stain with Wright’s stain?
Pink to lilac.
Multiple Choice: Which stain is known for providing a clear differentiation between various types of white blood cells? A) Giemsa B) Hematoxylin C) Wright’s D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the role of lymphocytes in the immune system?
Lymphocytes play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, including the production of antibodies.
True or False: Monocytes are the largest type of white blood cell.
True
What do basophils release during allergic reactions?
Histamine.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a stain that highlights nuclear detail in white blood cells.
Hematoxylin
Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for phagocytosis?
Neutrophils.
Multiple Choice: What color do eosinophils typically stain with Wright’s stain? A) Blue B) Green C) Red D) Yellow
C) Red
What is the significance of using differential staining techniques for white blood cells?
Differential staining techniques allow for the identification and counting of different types of white blood cells.
True or False: Lymphocytes can be further divided into B cells and T cells.
True
What is the main characteristic of agranulocytes?
Agranulocytes lack visible granules in their cytoplasm.
Fill in the blank: The __________ stain can be used to visualize reticulocytes.
New Methylene Blue
What type of white blood cell is involved in the response to viral infections?
Lymphocytes.
Multiple Choice: Which type of white blood cell is the first responder to sites of infection? A) Eosinophils B) Neutrophils C) Lymphocytes D) Monocytes
B) Neutrophils
What type of stain is typically used for bone marrow aspirate samples?
Giemsa stain.
True or False: The presence of immature white blood cells in blood can indicate a disease process.
True
What do the granules in basophils contain?
Histamine and heparin.
Fill in the blank: _______________ is a method used to count white blood cells in a sample.
Hemocytometer
Multiple Choice: Which white blood cell type has a lifespan measured in days to weeks? A) Neutrophils B) Lymphocytes C) Monocytes D) Basophils
A) Neutrophils
What is the role of monocytes once they migrate into tissues?
Monocytes differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells, which are essential for phagocytosis and antigen presentation.
True or False: Staining techniques can affect the accuracy of white blood cell counts.
True
What are granulocytes?
Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.
Name the three main types of granulocytes.
The three main types of granulocytes are neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
True or False: Granulocytes are produced in the bone marrow.
True
What is the primary function of neutrophils?
The primary function of neutrophils is to respond to and fight infections, particularly bacterial infections.
Fill in the blank: Eosinophils are primarily involved in _____ responses.
allergic
What role do basophils play in the immune system?
Basophils play a role in inflammatory reactions and allergic responses by releasing histamine.
Which granulocyte is the most abundant in the bloodstream?
Neutrophils are the most abundant granulocytes in the bloodstream.
Multiple choice: What is the lifespan of a neutrophil in circulation? (a) Hours (b) Days (c) Weeks
a) Hours
What is the process of granulocyte development called?
The process of granulocyte development is called granulopoiesis.
True or False: Granulocyte development begins with hematopoietic stem cells.
True
Fill in the blank: Granulocytes are derived from _____ lineage.
myeloid
What is the role of colony-stimulating factors in granulocyte development?
Colony-stimulating factors stimulate the production and differentiation of granulocytes from stem cells.