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D&T Exam 1 > White Blood Cell Pathology 1 > Flashcards

White Blood Cell Pathology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

name the classification system for hematopoietic neoplasm

A

WHO

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2
Q

How does one determine the Immunophenotype of a cell

A

flow cytometry

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3
Q

CD 34

A

immature

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4
Q

CD 13, 33, MPO

A

myeloid

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5
Q

CD19, 20, kappa and lambda light chaines

A

B cell

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6
Q

CD1A, 3, 4, 8, 7, 5

A

T cell

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7
Q

name 6 ways a cell becomes neoplastic

A
  • chromosomal translocation/mutations
  • inherited genetic factors
  • viruses
  • environmental factors
  • iatrogenic factors
  • smoking
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8
Q

Follicular lymphoma

A

t (14;18)

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9
Q

Burkitt lymphoma

A

t(8;14)

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10
Q

mantle cell lymphoma

A

t(11;14)

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11
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

t ( 15;17)

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12
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

t (9;22)

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13
Q

what genetic factor increases risk for acute leukemia

A

fanconi anemia

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14
Q

what inherited genetic factors increase risk for childhood leukemia

A

down syndrome

nuerofibromatosis I

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15
Q

name 3 viruses that cause cells to turn neoplastic

A

HTLV-1
HHV-8
EBV

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16
Q

HTLV-1 associated with what

A

Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)

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17
Q

HHV8 associated with what

A

pleural effusion lymphoma

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18
Q

what is adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)

A

neoplastic proliferation of mature CD4 T cells

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19
Q

what race is Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma seen in

A

Japan and Caribbean

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20
Q

what are clinical features for adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma

A
  1. rash (skin infiltration)
  2. lymphadenopathy/hepatosplenomegaly
  3. lytic (punched-out) bone lesions with hypercalcemia
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21
Q

EBV is seen with what diseases

A

Burkitt lymphoma
hodgkin lymphoma ( some)
Immunodeficiency associated B cell lymphoma
rare NK cell lymphomas

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22
Q

smoking increases the chances of what

A

acute myeloid leukemia

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23
Q

H. pylori can cause

A

MALT lymphomas of stomach

24
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

MALT lymphoma of thyroid

25
Q

Celiac disease

A

intestinal t cell lymphoma

26
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

lymph node enlargement ( tender or non-tender)

27
Q

lymphadenitis

A

lymph node inflammation ( typically tender)

28
Q

what are 3 autoimmune disorders that cause lymphadenopathy

A
  • Sjogren syndrome
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • System Lupus erythematosus
29
Q

what are some infections that cuase lymphadenopathy

A

viral
bacterial
protozoal ( toxoplasmosis)
fungal ( histoplasmosis)

30
Q

what are iatrogenic causes of lymphadenopathy

A

silicone

31
Q

Follicular hyperplasia stimulates what cells

A

B cells

32
Q

where does follicular hyperplasia occur

A
  • germinal centers

- mantle zone

33
Q

what are some eitologies for follicular hyperplasia

A

Bacterial, toxoplasmosis
rheumatoid arthritis
early HIV infection

34
Q

Follicular hyperplasia vs. follicular lymphoma: architecture

A

H: normal with follicles varying in size
L: disruption by follicles of similar size

35
Q

Follicular hyperplasia vs. follicular lymphoma: mantle zone

A

H: polarized
L: no polarized

36
Q

Follicular hyperplasia vs. follicular lymphoma: marcrophages

A

H: tingable body macrophages
L: no tingable body macrophages

37
Q

Follicular hyperplasia vs. follicular lymphoma: bcl2 pattern

A

H: normal
L: reverse

38
Q

what does bcl2 normally stain in a lymph node

A

mantle cells

turned off in germinal centers

39
Q

paracortical hyperplasia stimulates what cells

A

T cells

40
Q

Etiologies for paracrotical hyperplasia

A

VIRAL INFECTIONS - mono

DRUGS

41
Q

what is located in sinus histiocytosis

A

macrophages

42
Q

lymphadenopathies name 3 types

A

follicular hyperplasia
paracortical hyperplasia
Sinus histiocytosis

43
Q

what are two types of lymphadenitis

A

acute nonspecific

chronic nonspecific

44
Q

characteristics of acute nonspecific lymphadenitis

A

enlarged, red tender, soft noes

45
Q

characteristic of chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis? what can cause this

A

non-tender nodes

-chronic immunologic stimulation

46
Q

what is the most common lymphadenitis in children

A

acute nonspecific lymphadentitis

47
Q

what can cause acute nonspecific lymphadentitis

A

drainage of infections

48
Q

lymphoma vs leukemia location

A

lymphoma: tissue
leukemia: blood or bone marrow

49
Q

how do 2/3 of lymphoma’s present? the rest

A

non-tender adenopathy

1/3: extranodal tissue involvement

50
Q

Leukemia can involve what other organs

A

liver and spleen

51
Q

what are subcategories of plasma cell neoplasms

A

multiple myeloma
MGUS
Plasmacytoma

52
Q

plasma cell neoplasms deal with what cells

A

B cells

53
Q

plasma cell neoplasms is a problem where and does it include anything else?

A

arise in bone marrow, rarely involves lymph nodes

54
Q

what do plasma cell neoplasms do to bone

A

lytic lesions

55
Q

what are the B-symptoms

A

fever, night sweats, weight loss

56
Q

what do lymphoid neoplasms do to the immune system

A

disrupt architecture and function of immune system

57
Q

what are two types of lymphomas

A

Non-hodgkins

Hodgkins

D&T Exam 1 (13 decks)

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