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D&T Exam 1 > Bleeding disorder > Flashcards

Bleeding disorder Flashcards

1
Q

what can give a false low platelet count

A

platelet clumps/fibrin strands

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2
Q

what test is used for primary homeostasis test

A

platelet function analysis

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3
Q

how does platelet function analysis work

A

platelet agonist to interrogate function

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4
Q

what does partial thromboplastin time test

A

intrinsic and common pathway

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5
Q

what does PT prothrombin time test for

A

extrinsic and common pathway

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6
Q

what is the coagulation test results for petechiae and purpura

A

normal

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7
Q

how can drugs damage vessel wall

A

leukocytoclastic vasculitis

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8
Q

scruvy

A

vitamin C deficiency

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9
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A

inherited collagen abnormality

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10
Q

Cushing syndome

A

excessive steroid
protein wasting
loss of vascular support

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11
Q

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

A

systemic hypersensitivity disease in which circulating immune complexes deposit in the vessels

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12
Q

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

A

dilated tortuous vessels with thin walls

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13
Q

Amyloid infiltration

A

weakens vessel walls

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14
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency of platelets in blood

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15
Q

at what number does thrombocytopenia a problem

A

less then 50,000

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16
Q

Coagulation test results for someone who is thrombocytopenia

A

normal PT and PTT

platelet count decreased

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17
Q

what is an etiology for thrombocytopenia

A

decreased production bone marrow

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18
Q

what are 2 examples of mechanical damage to platelets

A

prosthetic heart valves

malignant hypertension

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19
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura primary

A

idiopathic autoimmune platelet destruction

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20
Q

immune thrombocytopenic purpura secondary

A

identifiable etiology causing autoimmune platelet destruction

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21
Q

what organ contributes to peripheral destruction

A

spleen, splenomegaly

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22
Q

in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura what does the peripheral blood show

A

thmobocytopenia with giant platelets reflected by increased MPV

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23
Q

what is the immune’s part in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura

A

IgG against platlet antigens, platelet opsonized and removed by spleen

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24
Q

what is the size of the spleen in chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura

A

normal size

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25
Q

bone marrow for chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura

A

INCREASED NUMBER OF MEGAKARYOCYTES WITH LEFT SHIFTED MATURATION

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26
Q

acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura preceded by what

A

viral infections

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27
Q

actute immune thrombocytopenic purpura who gets them

A

kids

28
Q

how long does acuteimmune thrombocytopenic purpura last

A

6months anything longer becomes chronic

29
Q

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type I causes what

A

moderate thrombocytopenia

30
Q

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type I when does it occur

A

within a few days of heparin use

31
Q

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II when does it start

A

5-14 days after heparin started

32
Q

where do the antibiotics target in Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II

A

against heparin platelet factor 4 complex, activates platelet production

33
Q

what type of thrombosis occurs in Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II

A

paradoxical

34
Q

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II what must the patient stop taking

A

Heparin- b/c life threatneing

35
Q

HIV directly infects what

A

megs because they have CD4

36
Q

what is the classic pentad of clinical findings for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura TTP

A
  1. fever
  2. thrombocytopenia
  3. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  4. neurologic
  5. renal sytmpoms
37
Q

who gets TTP

A

adults and kids

38
Q

what are the signs and symptoms for hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

A
  1. thrombocytopenia
  2. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
  3. acute renal failure
39
Q

who gets HUS

A

kids more than TTP

40
Q

TTP is a deficiency in what

A

ADAMTS 13

41
Q

TTP degrades what

A

HMW mutimers of vWF

42
Q

clinical presentation for HUS

A

bloody diarrhea

subsequent renal failure

43
Q

HUS is assoicated with what strain

A

E. Coli strain 0157-H7

44
Q

Bernard-Soulier-Ar

A

platelet adhesion defects

- Gp Ib deficient

45
Q

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia-AR

A

platelet aggreation defct

- Gp IIb-IIIa

46
Q

what is the role of Gp Ib complex

A

where vWF binds

47
Q

results for platelet aggregation test for Bernard-Soulier-Ar

A

everything works except ristocetin

48
Q

role of Gp IIb-IIIa

A

where fibrinogen crosslinks platelets

49
Q

results of platelet aggregation test for Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia-AR

A

no aggregation with ADP, Epi, collagen , thrombin

50
Q

type 1 von Willebrand disease

A

quantative decrease in vWF

51
Q

type 2 von Willebrand disease

A

qualitative vWF abnormality

52
Q

type 3 von Willebrand disease? what else does it effect

A

quantitative decrease in vWF
affects factor VIII
-repalcement therapy

53
Q

Hemophilia A is a deficiency in what

A

VIII

54
Q

how is hemophilia A inherited

A

X-linked recessive

55
Q

symptoms for hemophilia A

A

easy bruising, hemorrhage,

56
Q

factor PTT has prolonged what

A

PTT

57
Q

hemophilia B is deficient in what

A

factor IX

58
Q

how is hemophilia B inherited

A

X-linked recessive

59
Q

what vitamin deficieny cause clotting factor abnormatilites

A

K

60
Q

DIC

A

disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

61
Q

mechanism for DIC

A

tissue factor release into blood

  • wide spread endothermic cell injury
  • fibrin deposition in microvasculature
  • hemorrhagic dithesis
62
Q

DIC can cause what syndrome

A

waterhouse-Friderchsen syndrome

sheehan syndrome

63
Q

sheehan syndrome

A

postpartum pituitary necrosis

64
Q

waterhouse-Friderchsen syndrome

A

massive bilateral adrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcus

65
Q

coagulation test findings for DIC

A

prolonged PT, PTT
decreaed platelets, fibrinogen
increased D-dimer

66
Q

peripheral smear for DIC

A

schistocytes

left shift

D&T Exam 1 (13 decks)

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