Anemia part 3 Flashcards
Intrinsic inherited hemolytic anemias: qualitative defects
sickle cell disease and HbC disease
what does the peripheral blood smear of a single RBC look like in hereditary spherocytosis
lack central palor
hereditary spherocytosis is a mutation in what? which produces what
RBC membrane skeleton protein gene, ankyrin
- anchor
what happens to hereditary spherocytosis when RBC pass through spleen
become spherocytes
hereditary spherocytosis deficiency is what
spectrin - membrane protien
how does one diagnose hereditary spherocytosis and are the results
osmotic fragility test
- microcytosis
- increase MCHC
hereditary spherocytosis treatment
folic acid supplements
- splenectomy
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency has a defective what
red cell enzyme
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency may protect from what disease
falciparum malaria
Glucose-6-phosphate do to the RBC
gives antioxidant protection
what happens to hemoglobin when there is oxidant stress without Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase? what forms?
rbc denatured- forms Heinz body
what does Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase make form NAD
NADPH
what is the role of NADPH
detoxify oxygen free radicals (hydrogen peroxide)
where are variants of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency located and severity
Mediterranean= severe
middle eastern
what are 3 precipitating factors for Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
infections
oxidant drugs ( sulfonamides, -quine, antimalarials)
fresh fava beans
is Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency a constant occurrence in the body
no, acute attacks
what happens in autoimmune hemolytic anemias
autoantibodies attach to RBC
how is autoimmune hemolytic anemias detected
combs test
warm autoimmune hemolytic anemias react with what anitbody
IgG
what does the spleen do in warm autoimmune hemolytic anemias
eliminates IgG coated cells: marcophage Fc receptors bind to Fc ends of IgG antibodies
what drugs can induce warm autoimmune hemolytic anemias
methyldopa
penicillin-hapten
tetracyclines
cephalosporins
what disorder are associated with warmautoimmune hemolytic anemias
lymphatic malignancies
autoimmune disorders
treatment for autoimmune hemolytic anemias
corticosteroids
cold autoimmune hemolytic anemias target what antibody
IgM
