Whiplash Flashcards
term used to describe MECHANISM whereby the neck is whipped in one direction and recoils in the other
- NOT a DIAGNOSTIC term; does NOT give indication of structures injured
whiplash
(3) terms used in place of whiplash
cervical acceleration/deceleration injury (CAD)
cervical strain/spain
whiplash-associated disorders (WADs)
_____ million REAR-ended collisions in US annually; ___% involved experience NECK injury – minimum 1 million people per year in US
3.9 million
25-33%
most likely to be injured in whiplash injury; chronicity – ___ month post accident __% residual neck pain; ___ year post accident __ % residual neck pain
females 20-24
1 month - 6%
2 years - 66%
most important factor of whiplash
patient’s position
___ end will move at GREATER velocity and the ____ segments, the greater the velocity – “______” or “_____”
distal
more segments
crack the whip
snapping a towel
two mechanisms of injury to facet joints in whiplash
pinching of synovial fluid
excessive strain of capsule
___% of reduction in BONE MASS results in ___% decrease in STRENGTH
25% – 50%
when subject to compressive load, the first structure to fail is :
endplate
vertebra most vulnerable in front and rear impacts
C5/C6
rear impact injuries more severe when
head is turned
muscle damaged during HYPERextension
SCM
muscle damaged during HYPERflexion
trapezius
no signs/symptoms
WAD-0
complaints of pain, stiffness or tenderness, but no physical signs are noted
WAD-1
