Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biomechanics Final > Scoliosis > Flashcards

Scoliosis Flashcards

1
Q

of people affected by scoliosis in US

A

5-7 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MC age range that scoliosis develops and gender

A

10-15; girls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

if a curve is > ____ degrees, it is considered SCOLIOSIS

A

> 10 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

more than ____ % of scoliosis cases are idiopathic

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type of scoliosis caused by some postural problem, muscle spasm, or leg-length inequality, which can often be addressed

A

functional scoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type of scoliosis with bony distortion, does NOT reduce postural maneuvers

A

structural scoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(3) secondary causes of scoliosis

A

inherited CT disorders
neurologic disorders
musculoskeletal disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ehler’s Danlos syndrome
Marfan syndrome
Homocystinuria

A

inherited CT disorders (secondary cause of scoliosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tethered cord syndrome, Syringomyelia, Spinal tumor, Neurofibromatosis, Muscular dystrophy, Cerebral palsy, Polio, Friedeich’s ataxia, Familial dysautonomia, Werdnig-Hoffman disease

A

neurologic disorders (secondary cause of scoliosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Leg length discrepancy, Developmental hip dysplasia, Osteogenesis imperfecta, Klippel-Feil syndrome

A

musculoskeletal disorders (secondary cause of scoliosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

if a curve is

A

a postural change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(5) symptoms of scoliosis

A 
pain
decrease activity
decrease lung fxn
decrease heart fxn
decrease self-esteem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

___ % of scoliosis cases w/ curves greater than ____ are not detectable to the human eye

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ratio of idiopathic scoliosis cases with curve > 30 degrees in girls: boys

A

10:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

young girls who have scoliosis > ____ degrees, but who have not yet had their menstrual period are at ________

A

25 degrees

highest risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

curves in untreated adolescents with curves ____ degrees at time of BONY MATURATION are UNLIKELY to progress

A

less than 30 degrees

17
Q

curves > _____ degrees at maturity will progress at ___ degree/year

A

50 degrees

1 degree

18
Q

up to 19% of females with curves > 40 degrees have significant ______ illness

A

psychological

19
Q

life-threatening effects on pulmonary fxn do not occur until curve is at _____ degrees

A

100

20
Q

(3) treatment options

A

careful observation
bracing
surgery

21
Q

MC treatment for scoliosis

A

careful observation

22
Q

treatment for kids who have not reached skeletal maturity (the time when the skeleton stops growing), and who have curves between 25 - 45 degrees

A

bracing

23
Q

treatment used in the few cases where the curves are > 45 degrees and progressive OR when the scoliosis may affect the function of the heart, lungs, or other vital organs

A

surgery

24
Q

American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons recommends screening girls at _____ and screening boys at

A

11 AND 13= girls

13 OR 14= boys

25
Q

American Academy of Pediatrics recommends screenings at ______

A

10, 12, 14 and 16 y.o.

26
Q

test when patient is asked to lean forward with his or her feet together and bend 90 degrees at the waist. The examiner can then easily view from this angle any asymmetry of the trunk or any abnormal spinal curvature

A

adam’s forward bent test

27
Q 
shoulders diff heights
head not centered above pelvis
appearance of raised hip
rib cage at diff heights
uneven waist
changes in look over spine
leaning entire body to one side
A

screening hints for scoliosis

28
Q

choose most tilted vertebrae above and below apex of curve and draw angle btwn TOP of SUPERIOR vertebrae and BOTTOM of INFERIOR vertebrae

A

Cobb angle

29
Q

curve from ___ to ___ degrees w/ riser grade 0-4 and should be referred for ____ and treatment is _____

A

29 to 40
x-ray
brace

30
Q

curve greater than ____ degrees is considered riser grade 0-4 and should be referred for ____ and treatment is _____

A

40
x-ray
surgery

31
Q

MC brace treatment for scoliosis

A

boston brace

32
Q

braces have ____ % success rate for scoliosis, does NOT correct scoliosis, but may _______

A

74%

prevent serious progression

33
Q

length of wearing brace ______ with outcome; at least _____ hours/day leads to best chance of preventing curve progression

A

correlates

16 hours/day

34
Q

curves in growing kids > ____ degrees requires a ______, while skeletal mature patients can be observed until their curve reaches _____ degrees

A

40 degrees
spinal fusion
50 degrees

35
Q

LT consequences of spinal fusion

A

back pain
out of hospital in 4-5 days/ back to school in 2 weeks
ok to play sports
avoid contact sports

Biomechanics Final (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions