What Is Water And Where Does It Come From

Question 1

Two ways water extinguishes fire..

Answer 1

Cooling / absorbing heat (primary)

Smothering

Question 2

Specific heat def.

Answer 2

A measure of the heat-absorbing capacity of a substance

Question 3

BTU

Answer 3

British thermal unit
Amount of heat required to raise the temp of one pound of water 1 degree F
(Starting at 60 degrees)

Question 4

Latent heat of vaporization def

Answer 4

Heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor

Question 5

Additional amount of energy required to convert liquid to steam

Answer 5

970 BTUs

Question 6

Exposed surface area relevance

Answer 6

The speed that water absorbs heat increase in proportion to water surface exposed to heat

Question 7

Water to steam expansion ratio

Answer 7

1:1,700

Question 8

Specific gravity def

Answer 8

Density of a liquid in relation to water

Les than 1 float on water
Greater than 1 sink in water

Most flammable liquids are less than 1

Question 9

1st principle of pressure

Answer 9

Fluid pressure is perpendicular. To any force on which it acts.

Question 10

Second principle of fluid pressure.

Answer 10

Fluid pressure at rest is the same in all directions
Or there is no pressure in all directions
Used in hydrostatic testing.

Question 11

Third principle or fluid pressure

Answer 11

Confined pressure is transmitted equally in all directions

Question 12

Fourth principle of fluid pressure

Answer 12

Pressure of fluid in an open vessel is proportioned to its depth.

Question 13

Fifth principle of fluid pressure

Answer 13

Fluid pressure in a open vessel is proportionate to is density

Question 14

Sixth principle of fluid pressure

Answer 14

Pressure at the bottom of a vessel is independent of the shape of that vessel.

Question 15

Head pressure def

Answer 15

Height of the water supply above the Discharge orifice.

Question 16

Static pressure def

Answer 16

Stores potential energy available to force water though pipes hoses and nozzles

Question 17

Normal operating pressure

Answer 17

Pressure found in a water distribution system during normal consumption demands.

Question 18

Residual pressure def

Answer 18

Part of the pressure that is left after friction loss is taken into account.

Question 19

Flow pressure

Answer 19

Forward velocity at the discharge opening

Question 20

Elevation vs. altitude.

Fire terms

Answer 20

Elevation - measures from the center line of the pump or the bottom of a static water source

Altitude - above or below sea level

Question 21

Friction loss due to old hose vs. new

Answer 21

Up to %50 greater

Question 22

1st Principle of friction loss

Answer 22

Varies directly with length of hose

Question 23

2nd principle of friction loss

Answer 23

Friction loss varies with the squares of the increase in velocity.

If increased from 200 - 400. 2 squared
Or 200 - 600. 3 squared

Question 24

Third principle of friction loss

Answer 24

FL varies inverse to the 5th power with increasing hose diameter.

2.5 to the fifth over 3 to the fifth.

Question 25

Fourth principle of friction loss

Answer 25

At a given flow velocity friction loss is approximately the same regardless of the pressure on the water.

Question 26

Water distribution system function

Answer 26

Receives water from pumping station and delivers it throughout the area served.

Question 27

Dead end hydrant

Answer 27

Revives water from only one direction.

Question 28

Circulating feed or looped line

Answer 28

Hydrant that receives water through more than on direction

Question 29

Grid system

Answer 29

Distribution system that provides circulating feeds from several mains.

Question 30

Primary feeders

Answer 30

Large pipes (mains) with widespread spacing conveying large quantities of water

Question 31

Secondary feeders

Answer 31

Network of intermediate sized pipes that reinforce the Grid and aid the concentration of the required fire flow

Question 32

Distributors

Answer 32

Smaller main serving individual hydrants and blocks of consumers

Question 33

Minimum diameter for hydrant supply mains in residential area

Answer 33

6 in

With 8in mains every 600 ft

Question 34

High risk industrial districts

Answer 34

Two or more primary feeders should run from source.

Minimum 8in main recommended

Question 35

Valves operates how often?

Answer 35

Min once a year

Question 36

PIV valve

Answer 36

Post indicator valve.

Hollow metal post with words open and shut.

Question 37

OS&Y Valve

Answer 37

Outside stem and yoke

When stem is outside valve is open.

Question 38

Non indicating valve

Answer 38

Most often in a man hole.

Most common type of valve.

Question 39

ADC

Answer 39

Average daily consumption

Average calculated over one year

Question 40

MDC

Answer 40

Maximum daily consumption

Max used in one day over a three year period.

Question 41

PHC

Answer 41

Peak hourly consumption

Max in a one hour interval over one day

Question 42

Private water system are usually installed for 3 reasons

Answer 42

Fire protection
Sanitary
Manufacturing

Can always be used for fire.

Question 43

How much a cubic foot of water weigh?

Answer 43

62.5 lbs

Question 44

Four fundamental components of water system.

Answer 44

Source
Means of moving water
Treatment facilities.
Distribution systems