What is the biological approach? Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the biological approach?
Behaviours caused by internal biological system
3 differences in approach-
Psychiological approach which is behaviour due to functions body part e.g. brain
Nativist approach- genes passed on
medical- psychological disorder treated same way as desies
Who made the biological approach?
Adrian Raine
Professor of criminology, psychiatry and psychology
First assumption in the biological approach?
Behaviour can be explained by neurons transmitters
What’s a neurotransmitter?
Chemicals passed on between neurons
Chemicals messengers to carry chemical signals from one neuron (nerve cell) to the next target cell
Examples of neurotransmitters?
Serationin
GABA
Noradrenaline
Oxytocin
Dopamine
What does seratonin do?
Happiness, influencing learning, memory, happiness, body temp, sleep, sexual behaviour, hunger
lack of depression and anxiety
What is GABA?
Control of nerve cell hyperactivity associated with anxiety and stress
What is noradrenaline?
Fight or flight
What is oxytocin?
Love bonding and childbirth
What’s dopamine?
Pleasure and motivation
What are neurons and neurotransmitters?
We have 1000’s or connections in our body where messages are passed on via electrical impulses
Connections lie within neurons
A neurons in an electrically exited cell that processes and transmitted neurotransmitters through electrical/chemical signals
Neurons send messages via synaptic transmitters
What’s synaptic transmission?
A synapse is a gap between neurons which chemicals diffuse across
Gap across between axon of pre neuron and dendrits of postneurons
Neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic vesicles in one neuron and stimulates or inhabit receptors in other neurons
Axons- carry’s away impulses
Debdrites carry impulses to next neurons
Neurotransmitters and mental health?
Seratonin
Seratonin linked to regulation of mood, sleep and attitudes
Lack of seratonin causes depression
Antidepressant increase amount of seratonin at the synapse
Neurotransmitter and mental health?
Dopamine?
Associated with schitzophrenic, this way patients prescribed drugs reduced dopamine levels
Assumption 2 of biological approach?
Behaviour can be explained by location of brain function
Brains responsible for particular function
What is the hemesphere + cortex of brain?
Hemesphere- split in 2 different functions
Cortex- 4 lobes which have individual functions
What are the 4 lobes?
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Tempore
What is the frontal lobe and what occurs if there damage?
Thinking and creative language production motor are
Brocas area
Damage- loss of fine motor skills and changes to personality
Brockers asphiaria- trouble produce speech
What’s the parietal love and what occurs if their damage?
Sensory info touch and pain
Damage- sensory issue, tingling, numb in ability to feel pain
What is the occipital lobe
and damage?
Visual infor and processes
Damage- perception issues and blind spots
What’s the temporal lobe
and damage?
Auditoriuy i for and speech comprehension
Wernickes area and memory
Damage-
Wernicks asphasia trouble understanding speech and change in emotions
Example of localised function- Phineas gage?
Had an accident where 4ft iron rod went into his scull damaging his frontal lobe
Survived but due to damage to frontal lobe (behaviour part) personality change
B4 accident- Balanced man, screwed, smart, business man, great energy
After accident- man of rude ways
What is assumption 3 of the biology approach?
Behaviour can be explained through by evolution influence
What is evolution and what traits have we inherited?
The changes in inherited characteristics in a population over successive generations
Genotype of population is changeable due to natural selection
Traits- Survial, mating, parenting, family, kinship, interactions with non kin and phobias
