What is the biological approach?

Question 1

What is the biological approach?

Answer 1

Behaviours caused by internal biological system
3 differences in approach-
Psychiological approach which is behaviour due to functions body part e.g. brain
Nativist approach- genes passed on
medical- psychological disorder treated same way as desies

Question 2

Who made the biological approach?

Answer 2

Adrian Raine
Professor of criminology, psychiatry and psychology

Question 3

First assumption in the biological approach?

Answer 3

Behaviour can be explained by neurons transmitters

Question 4

What’s a neurotransmitter?

Answer 4

Chemicals passed on between neurons
Chemicals messengers to carry chemical signals from one neuron (nerve cell) to the next target cell

Question 5

Examples of neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

Serationin
GABA
Noradrenaline
Oxytocin
Dopamine

Question 6

What does seratonin do?

Answer 6

Happiness, influencing learning, memory, happiness, body temp, sleep, sexual behaviour, hunger
lack of depression and anxiety

Question 7

What is GABA?

Answer 7

Control of nerve cell hyperactivity associated with anxiety and stress

Question 8

What is noradrenaline?

Answer 8

Fight or flight

Question 9

What is oxytocin?

Answer 9

Love bonding and childbirth

Question 10

What’s dopamine?

Answer 10

Pleasure and motivation

Question 11

What are neurons and neurotransmitters?

Answer 11

We have 1000’s or connections in our body where messages are passed on via electrical impulses
Connections lie within neurons
A neurons in an electrically exited cell that processes and transmitted neurotransmitters through electrical/chemical signals
Neurons send messages via synaptic transmitters

Question 12

What’s synaptic transmission?

Answer 12

A synapse is a gap between neurons which chemicals diffuse across
Gap across between axon of pre neuron and dendrits of postneurons
Neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic vesicles in one neuron and stimulates or inhabit receptors in other neurons
Axons- carry’s away impulses
Debdrites carry impulses to next neurons

Question 13

Neurotransmitters and mental health?
Seratonin

Answer 13

Seratonin linked to regulation of mood, sleep and attitudes
Lack of seratonin causes depression
Antidepressant increase amount of seratonin at the synapse

Question 14

Neurotransmitter and mental health?
Dopamine?

Answer 14

Associated with schitzophrenic, this way patients prescribed drugs reduced dopamine levels

Question 15

Assumption 2 of biological approach?

Answer 15

Behaviour can be explained by location of brain function
Brains responsible for particular function

Question 16

What is the hemesphere + cortex of brain?

Answer 16

Hemesphere- split in 2 different functions
Cortex- 4 lobes which have individual functions

Question 17

What are the 4 lobes?

Answer 17

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Tempore

Question 18

What is the frontal lobe and what occurs if there damage?

Answer 18

Thinking and creative language production motor are
Brocas area
Damage- loss of fine motor skills and changes to personality
Brockers asphiaria- trouble produce speech

Question 19

What’s the parietal love and what occurs if their damage?

Answer 19

Sensory info touch and pain
Damage- sensory issue, tingling, numb in ability to feel pain

Question 20

What is the occipital lobe
and damage?

Answer 20

Visual infor and processes
Damage- perception issues and blind spots

Question 21

What’s the temporal lobe
and damage?

Answer 21

Auditoriuy i for and speech comprehension
Wernickes area and memory
Damage-
Wernicks asphasia trouble understanding speech and change in emotions

Question 22

Example of localised function- Phineas gage?

Answer 22

Had an accident where 4ft iron rod went into his scull damaging his frontal lobe
Survived but due to damage to frontal lobe (behaviour part) personality change
B4 accident- Balanced man, screwed, smart, business man, great energy
After accident- man of rude ways

Question 23

What is assumption 3 of the biology approach?

Answer 23

Behaviour can be explained through by evolution influence

Question 24

What is evolution and what traits have we inherited?

Answer 24

The changes in inherited characteristics in a population over successive generations
Genotype of population is changeable due to natural selection
Traits- Survial, mating, parenting, family, kinship, interactions with non kin and phobias

Question 25

What is natural selection?

Answer 25

Ideas that any genetically determined behaviour enhances survival is naturally selected
Happens on genetic level (parent saving kids info) inherited traits, enhancing survival of offspring, fear of dark

Question 26

Evolution evidence- Charles Darwin?

Answer 26

Published- origins of species (all living thing evolved through natural selection
Darwin explained adaptive or evelution proposed where by living organisms become better suited to environment
All traits better for survival and reproduction will be naturally skilled, any trait unnecessary to survival will die out, survival of the fittest

Question 27

What is the environmental or evolutionary adaptations (EEA)

Answer 27

Environment to which any species is adapt due to selective pressure
Adaptive behaviour are ones that only enhanced survival
EEA explained why humans have adapted as they might from forest to develop savannah in africa
Adaptations include big brains
Ability to for alliens and relationship