Therapy- drug therapy Flashcards
What are the aims of drug therapy?
States that behaviour is due to our biological makeup
-Aims to manipulate a patients bodily process, with the goal of reducing the symptoms of their mental health disorder
MH schizophrenia drug therapy?
Caused by excess dopamine within the brain, leading to symptoms like hallucination and delusion
MH depression drug therapy?
Lack of serotonin so patients in a low mood and lacking desire to engage in activity’s they would usually find joy in
MH anxiety drug therapy?
Caused by an imbalance of the emotional centres within the brain leading to overproduction of adrenaline (noradrenaline) and often a fight or flight response when they are in no real danger
Component 1 of drug therapy?
Antipsychotic drugs
C1- 2 type antipsychotic drugs?
-Conventional
-Atypical
C1- how do conventional drugs work?
Schizophrenia is believed to cause excess of dopamine in the brain
-The medication binds to dopamine receptors in the brain and blocks the dopamine receptors but not stimulating them
-This reduces the flow of dopamine within the brain
C1- Side effects?
Tiredness
Feeling woozy
Constipation
Difficulting weeing
Dry mouth
Stuffy nose
Lightheadedness
Tradiv Dyskinesia (uncontrollable movements)
C1- examples of conventional drugs?
Chlorpromazine
-Haldol (haloperidol)
-Loxatine (loxapine)
C1- What is atypical, how do they work?
-These work in a similar way, however, only temporarily blocking dopamine receptor sites
They will then dissociate to allow for normal dopamine flow
-Because this is more temporary, side effects are less prevalent
C1- Atypical, example of these?
Clozaril
Abilify (aripiprazole)
C1- Side effects of atypical?
Drooling
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Light headed
Shaking
Constipation
Tardiv Dyskena, less common movements only temporary
What is component 2?
Antidepressant drugs
C2- what are these called?
Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors
C2- How do these work?
Lack of serotonin in the brain
-When someone doesn’t have depression is constantly being released and absorbed at the synapse constantly
-SSRIs work by binding to postsynaptic receptors in the euron
2)Stops the reuptake of serotonin so less is absorbed
3)Allow our serotonin to build up in the synaptic cleft, allowing more available in the blair
C2- Examples of antidepressant?
Sertraline
Prozac
C2- Side effects of sertraline?
-Nausea
-Headache
-Sleep struggles
-Diarrhea
-Dry mouth
-Dizziness
-Tiredness/weak
C2- side effects of prozac?
-Anxiety
-Diarrhea
-Nausea
-Headache
-Seizure
-Drowsiness
What is component 3?
Antianxiety drug
C3- what are the 2 antianxiety drugs?
Benzodiazepines BZs
Beta-Blockers BB’s
C3- How do Benzodiazepines BZs work?
-Instead of targeting serotonin or dopamine receptors, they calm the body’s stress response
(Slow heart rate, decreased bp, cool temp)
-Slows the CNS by enhancing the activity of GABA (relieves stress)
C3- Benzodiazepines BZs side effects?
-Drowsiness
-Lightheadedness
-Confusion
-Unsteadiness
-Dizziness
-Slurred speech
-Muscle weakness
-Memory loss
C3- how do Beta-Blockers BB’s?
-These work by binding to receptors on the cells on the area of the body that become aroused e.g. the heart
-BB block the receptor on the cells, slowing function
-So leads to slower heartbeat and low blood pressure so less anxiety
C3- side effects Beta-Blockers BB’s?
-Tiredness
-Dizziness
-Cold fingers or toes
-Difficult sleep/nightmare
-Difficulty getting sexually aroused
-Feeling sick
Applying assumption to the therapy- neurotransmitter?
BA- says that neurotransmitters can control our moods, feelings, perception and behaviour so when there is a imbalance, such as depression means a lack of serotonin
Drug therapy applies to this as SSRIs aim to treat depression by inhibiting the re uptake of serotonin within the brain leaving an abundance of neurotransmitters within the brain therefore increasing its effects, so reducing symptoms of depression
Applying assumption to the therapy- Localisation of function?
Specific parts of the brain which have specific functions
E.g. limbic system (the emotion centre), when there are disturbances here it can effect our mood leading to illness. Drug therapy works by targeting specific areas of the variance and aim to reduce symptom. E.g. anti anxiety medication (BZ) targets the limbic system within our brain which slows the CNS, so reducing symptoms of anxiety by slowing heart rate
Applying assumption to the therapy- Evolutionary influence?
-In cave man era we needed anxiety to help us survive, so ultimately this is passed through generations
-Genetics play a part in mental heath as it can be inherited and we learn from ancestors, so we treat mi with physical precaution and like physical problem
