What is Psychology? Flashcards
scientific study of the mind and behavior
psychology
Which philosopher believed thought originated in the heart?
Aristotle
Which philosopher believed thought originated in the brain?
Plato
Which philosopher argued for dualism between the mind and body?
Rene Decartes
Which philosopher argued against Descartes and believed in materialism?
Thomas Hobbes
Which scientist believed that specific mental abilities and characteristics were localized in specific regions of the brain?
Franz Joseph Gall
Which scientist surgically removed brain pieces and was against Gall’s methods?
Pierre Flourens
Which scientist studied brain damaged patients to link localization to ability?
Paul Broca
Which scientist was the first to take a scientific approach to study psychology?
William James
Which scientist opened the first psychological lab in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt
Which scientist set up the first psychology lab in North America, focused on development and education, and founded the American Journal of Psychology?
G. Stanley Hall
What are the 5 pillars of psychology?
Biological, cognitive, developmental, social and personality, and mental and physical health
how our biology influences behavior
biopsychology
Which domain of psychology involved behavioral neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology?
Biological
how human behavior has evolved
evolutionary psychology
physiological aspects of sensory systems, psychological experience of sensory information
sensation & perception
Which domain focuses on thoughts and their relationship to experiences and actions?
Cognitive
What does the cognitive domain study?
language, cognition, memory, and intelligence
Which domain involves behavioral psychology and learning/conditioning?
Developmental
scientific study of development across a lifespan
developmental psychology
Which type of psychology looks at the stages and milestones of development?
developmental
scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagines, or implied presence of others
social psychology
study of pattern of thoughts and behavior that make each individual unique
personality psychology
consistent pattern of thought and behavior
personality trait
Which domain includes psychopathology, clinical psychology, and health psychology?
Mental & Physical Health
focuses on abnormal thoughts and behaviors
psychopathology
diagnosis and the treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior
clinical psychology
how health is affected by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
health psychology
What are the 3 ongoing questions/problems of psychology?
mind/body problem, self-knowledge, and nature versus nurture
What is the mind/body problem?
A question of what the true relationship between the mind and body is.
What is the question of self-knowledge?
A question of how well a person truly knows themselves.
What is the problem of nature versus nurture?
The question of how much a person’s characteristics are formed by either nature or nurture.
