Consciousness

Question 1

person’s subjective experience of the world and mind

Answer 1

consciousness

Question 2

What are the 4 properties of the nature of consciousness?

Answer 2

1.) intentionality
2.) unity
3.) selectivity
4.) transience

Question 3

What is intentionality in terms of psychology?

Answer 3

being directed toward an object

Question 4

What is unity in terms of psychology?

Answer 4

resistance to division

Question 5

What is selectivity in terms of psychology?

Answer 5

capacity to include some objects but not others

Question 6

What is transience in terms of psychology?

Answer 6

tendency to change

Question 7

What are the 3 levels of consciousness?

Answer 7

• minimal (asleep)
• full (awake)
• self (“seeing” yourself)

Question 8

When do our minds often wander?

Answer 8

when engaged in automated, repetitive tasks or in difficulty/complex tasks

Question 9

attempt to change conscious states of mind

Answer 9

mental control

Question 10

conscious avoidance of a thought

Answer 10

thought suppression

Question 11

internal rhythm of biological activity

Answer 11

biological rhythm

Question 12

biological rhythm that takes place over a period of 24 hours

Answer 12

circadian rhythm

Question 13

What are the consequences of insufficient sleep?

Answer 13

• irritability
• cognitive impairment
• memory lapses or loss
• impaired moral judgement
• sever yawning
• hallucinations
• symptoms similar to ADHD
• impaired immune system
• risk of Type 2 Diabetes
• increased heart rate activity
• risk of heart disease
• increased reaction time
• decreased accuracy
• tremors
• aches
• growth suppression
• risk of obesity
• decreased temperature

Question 14

sleep conserves energy or keeps use safe from predators but little research supports these ideas

Answer 14

adaptive function

Question 15

sleep is necessary for cognitive functions and memory formation

Answer 15

cognitive function

Question 16

darting eye movements during sleep that have brain waves that are similar to brain waves during wakefulness; deep sleep

Answer 16

REM sleep

Question 17

sleep stages 1-3, not deep sleep

Answer 17

Non-REM sleep

Question 18

dreams are electrical brain impulses that pull random thoughts and imagery from our memories

Answer 18

activation-synthesis theory

Question 19

during REM sleep, the unconscious part of the brain is busy processing procedural memory

Answer 19

continual-activation theory

Question 20

dreaming repeatedly simulates potential threatening events, thus enhancing the mechanisms required for efficient threat avoidance

Answer 20

threat-simulation theory

Question 21

dreaming discharges emotional arousals that haven’t been expressed during the day

Answer 21

expectation-fulfillment theory

Question 22

Why don’t we remember dreams?

Answer 22

Our hippocampus sleeps while we are sleeping.

Question 23

How do we get that sense of deja vu?

Answer 23

The hippocampus malfunctions and indicates familiarity of a situation that you haven’t actually encountered.

Question 24

What are good sleep hygiene habits?

Answer 24

• establish a nighttime routine
• sleep at the same time every night
• limit caffeine
• exercise
• create healthy sleep environment
• no electronics an hour before bed
• reduce stress
• avoid large, fatty meals before sleeping