What effect did the war and terror have on France 1793-4 Flashcards
How many deputies voted the King guilty/not guilty
693 deputies voted him as guilty- none against though there were some abstentions
How many people rejected/accepted the idea that there should be a referendum
rejected by 424 to 283
When was the King executed
21st January 1793
What caused the rising in the Vendee
mainly against the levees
What was the nature of the Vendee uprising
- massacres of local officials, juring priests and National Guards- guerrilla warfare spread through he countryside
- convention forced to send 30,000 men from front to control the rebellion BUT continued to spread
When was the committee of general security set up
Oct 1792
What was the role of CGS
est to take responsibility for policing and administration of justice- reduced from 30 to 12 at the beginning of 1793
When was the first levee ordered and how many men did it require
February 1793 and draft of 300,000 men
Who were the representants en mission
appointed to ensure loyalty and effective functioning of the departments
ensure public order was maintained, arrest any considered suspect ensure food supplies and supervise levies
When was a revolutionary tribunal set up
March 1793
Why was the revolutionary tribunal set up
established to try counter-revolutionaries
What was the nature of the law passed on the 19 March 1793
decreed that rebels bearing arms could be executed without appeal within 24 hours
When was the committee of public safety set up
April 1793
What was the CPS
authority over ministers to coordinate war effort
Factors which contributed to the purging of the Girondins
- highly unpopular with sans culottes as they feared their radicalisation and sans culottes blamed them for the war
- group of extremists and national guard surrounded convention and demanded removal of the girondins- convention agreed in fear
What contributed to the dissatisfaction of the sans culottes
wages, food prices and living conditions in Paris were little better than in 1789
british naval blockade and ear in colonies had hit food imports and the assignats brought inflation
How much did the average food prices rise by between 1791 and 1793
rose by 90%
What was the nature of Marat’s L’Ami du Peuple
blamed the Girondins for France’s problems
What was the nature of the federalists revolt
provinces were unhappy with Jacobin decisions and began to protest
troops sent in to stop things
convention tried to cut off food supplies to stop the revolt
little cooperation between revolts meant that they were put down easily
When was the levee en masse introduced
23 August 1793
What did the levee en masse decree
ordered that all French people are on permanent requisition for the services of the armies
What was the criteria in the levee en masse
- all men without immediate dependents aged 18-25 were to give immediate military service
- married men were to forge weapons and transport supplies
- women were to make tents and serve in hospitals
- children were to shred old linen lint
- the old were to be brought to public squares to excite the courage of the warriors, preach hatred of kings and the unity of the republic
What was the law of suspects
all enemies to be imprisoned indefinitely without trial or placed before revolutionary tribunal
harsh justice had been symptomatic of the sans culottes now it was coming from the authorities
responsibility for rounding up the enemies lay with the revolutionary armies
When was Marat murdered
July 1793
