thermedorian reaction

Question 1

When was the Law of prarial repealed

Answer 1

June 1795

Question 2

When did the Jacobin Club close

Answer 2

Nov 1794

Question 3

What percentage of CPS were replaced monthly

Answer 3

25%

Question 4

When was freedom of faith restored

Answer 4

21st Feb 1795

Question 5

When was Law of maximum repealed

Answer 5

December 1794

Question 6

What was the nature of the Rising of Germinal

Answer 6

country suffering economically- inflation (assignats fell to 10% of original value), 1794 harvests failed, 1794,1795 winter was harsh

• 10,000 unarmed people demonstrated against convention
• demanded return to 1793 constitution
• NG supported the convention
• orchestrated by sans culottes

Question 7

What was the rising of Priarial

Answer 7

• armed uprising
• housewives, workers and some NG
• 20,000 NG and gunners from the regular army joined the rebels and forced the convention to submit a food commission
• convention used majority of army to suppress rising

Question 8

How many people were killed in the rising of prairial

Answer 8

42 NG and 6 deputies executed, 36 gunners killed and 600 millitants arrested

Question 9

What was the white terror

Answer 9

-attack on those who had done well out of the revolution (purchasers of land, constitutional clergy, gov officials and sans culottes)

Question 10

Nature of the white terror in Paris

Answer 10

• led by the gilded youth
• middle class sons of those executed
• dressed extravagantly
• formed gangs and beat up members of the sans culottes and jacobins
• not violence on the same scale as the terror

Question 11

Nature of the white terror in Vendee

Answer 11

• Chouan- guereilla groups operating in the Vendee

- groups attacked grain convoys and sought to destabilise local gov

Question 12

Nature of the white terror in the south

Answer 12

• little effort was made in the convention to sort out the south
• most savage in regions where terror had hit worst (eg Lyon)
• 2000 were killed as the violence continued through 1796-7

Question 13

When was the revolutionary tribunal reorganised and what was the effect

Answer 13

10th August 1794- number of guillotinings decreased significantly

Question 14

What was the Law of Revolutionary Government

Answer 14

provided a complete reorganisation of gov and administration away from the highly centralised structure of the terror

Question 15

What was the structure of the new revolutionary government

Answer 15

• revolutionary committees were reduced to one per department
• central gov was put in the hands of 16 committees
• new representants-en-mission were dispatched to the provinces to oversee these changes and ensure that Jacobins were removed from positions of authority

Question 16

When and in what way did the church and state become separate

Answer 16

18th September 1794- state stopped paying clerical salaries which ended ‘constitutional church’

Question 17

Further measures that reduced the terror further in 1795

Answer 17

February- toleration of all religions was proclaimed (although some restrictions on catholic practices remained)
April- representants-en-mission were abolished
May- revolutionary tribunal was abolished
October- law suspects officially repealed

Question 18

Three prominent thermidorians

Answer 18

Tallien
Fouche
Barras

Question 19

What was the assignats replaced by on 15th August 1795

Answer 19

franc

Question 20

When was the rising of Vendemiaire

Answer 20

5th october 1795

Question 21

What was the nature of the rising of Vendemiaire

Answer 21

• royalist uprising
• believed that the plebiscite held in Sep had been rigged
• demonstrations led by muscadins, factory and property owners who despaired of a republican gov
• 25,000 armed Parisians marched to the convention
• Nap took command of the republics 5000-6000 troops
• armed royalists outnumbered the republicans 6 to 1
• Nap used a 400 cannon and around 300 royalists killed