Concession vs Repression Flashcards
What were the most important changes to judges and courts
- judges apart fro local justices of the peace, were appointed by the government for life and were kept subservient and loyal by a combination of close supervision and a system of purges
- hierarchy of judicial tribunals set up- criminal and penal codes were concerned with punishment
Who were the general police
- operated under the control of the Minister of the Police (Fouche)
- main function was to monitor the state of public opinion in the city and to report daily on variations in food prices
What were the functions of the general police
- imposition of censorship
- surveillance of possible subversives
- the search for army deserters
- the organisation of raids on areas believed to be sheltering draft dodgers or enemy agents
Who were the Gendarmes
paramilitary force similar in organisation to the army in that they had uniforms and a distinct structure
agents were responsible for gathering vast amounts of intelligence about anyone and everyone posed a potential threat to the state
Who were prefects
responsible for managing local government throughout France
acted as agents of the central government and were directly appointed by Napoleon and accountable solely to him
expected to monitor closely public opinion in their areas and to report on any suspicious political activity
How was Napoleon able to achieve a highly centralised bueracracy through the prefects
mayors and all the municipal councils were nominated by the prefects- centralised collection of taxes, the enforcement of conscription, the dissemination of propaganda and the obtaining of info operating through a well-trained and local administrators
When was the livret introduced
1 December 1803
What was the livret
passbook that every worker was expected to have- workers unable to get jobs without their livrets as it served as a clear indication that previous employers had released them and their behaviour was good
movement of labour was tightly controlled
How many Jacobin leaders were arrested and deported in 1801
129
How did Napoleon deal with royalists protests against conscription and general banditry in West France
used the military tribunals to deal with rebel leaders
- General Bruce sent to deal with those who refused to agree to Napoleon’s truce offer
- in Brittany 600 Chouan prisoners were taken and 750 were shot in 1800
- also used local police to report of incidences of trouble so disorder could be localised and addressed firmly
What was the criteria for joining the gendarme
army veterans, 1.75m or taller, good service record
How did Napoleon try to win over potential opponents by opportunities of reconcilliation
offered generous amnesty to rebels in the west who were prepared to lay down arms and give support- helped win over some key royalists leaders especially when Napoleon promised to protect the Catholic religion
spoke of amalgame and ralliement
How much were political journals in Paris reduced by in 1800
reduced from 73 to 13
What were remaining newspapers forbidden to discuss
controversial subjects such as coup of brumaire and the revolutionary period (particularly the vendee) were off limits
When were censors appointed to each newspaper
1809
