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OSCI > WH Dx 5 > Flashcards

WH Dx 5 Flashcards

1
Q

menorrhagia

A

heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding

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2
Q

heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding

A

menorrhagia

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3
Q

average length of bleeding

A

2-7 days

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4
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

Going longer than 35 days in between periods; < 9 periods a year

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5
Q

menorrhagia
3

A

prolonged or excessive bleeding
oligomenorrhea
bleeding between cycles

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6
Q

menorrhagia DD
3

A

uterine fibroids
uterine malignancy
STD

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7
Q

menorrhagia education
3

A

Many things can cause heavy menstrual bleeding for an ovary not releasing an egg, fibroids, bleeding disorders, and medication side effects.
Depending on the cause there may not be much you can do to reduce your risk of developing this.
You can manage s/sx by resting, wearing comfortable clothing, and keeping sanitary products on you.

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8
Q

menorrhagia meds
2

A

contraception - the pill or progestin only options
NSAIDs or Tylenol for pain/discomfort

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9
Q

menorrhagia test
3

A

pregnancy test
CBC
Coagulation panel
pelvic US

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10
Q

menorrhagia f/u

A

4-6 weeks to assess interventions

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11
Q

menorrhagia red flags
4

A
  1. worsening of symptoms
  2. symptoms don’t improve with treatment
  3. having to change a pad or tampon every 1-2 hours because it is soaked, large lumps or clots of blood
  4. change in discharge (consistency, odor)
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12
Q

menorrhagia AG
4

A
  1. get STD screening
  2. STD counseling if sexually active
  3. Pap smears q3-5 years
  4. get up to date on vaccines
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13
Q

osteoporosis is characterized by

A

low bone mass, skeletal fragility, with decreased bone strength and increased risk of fracture

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14
Q

low bone mass, skeletal fragility, with decreased bone strength and increased risk of fracture

A

osteoporosis

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15
Q

osteoporosis clinical manifestations

A

usually none until a fracture occurs

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16
Q

osteoporosis - most common fracture

A

vertebral fracture - symptoms include height loss

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17
Q

Clinical dx of osteoporosis may be made in the presence of
2

A
  1. fragility fracture (spine, hip, wrist, humerus, rib, or pelvic
    OR
  2. T score less than or equal to -2.5 on BMD measurement by DXA
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18
Q

In the absence of a fragility fracture, what is the standard test to dx osteoporosis

A

BMD assessment by DXA (should be done on everyone 65 years and older, q2years OR < 65 but past menopause with risk of fracture)

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19
Q

osteoporosis DD
4

A
  1. osteomalacia
  2. malignancy (tumor, met bone disease)
  3. physical abuse
  4. fracture unrelated to osteoporosis
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20
Q

osteoporosis education
6

A
  1. This is a condition that makes your bones weak.
  2. To keep bones healthy eat foods high in calcium, vitamin D, or take supplements
  3. stay active
  4. quit smoking
  5. limit alcohol intake
  6. reduce risk of falls leading to fx - remove rugs, tuck away electrical cords, light up walkways, wear sturdy shoes
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21
Q

osteoporosis meds

A

Pharmacotherapy is recommend for postmenopausal women with history of fragility fracture or with BMD + scan.
Bisphosphonates are first line therapy

22
Q

bisphosphonates are first line therapy for

A

osteoporosis

23
Q

bisphosphonates are contraindicated in
2

A

CKD
esophageal disorders

24
Q

osteoporosis test
4

A

BMD assessment through DXA scan
Serum labs - calcium, creatinine, vit D

25
Q

osteoporosis f/u

A

come back after DXA scan to review results 4-6 weeks

26
Q

osteoporosis AG
4

A
  1. DXA scan q2years
  2. colon cancer screening
  3. mammogram
  4. up to date on vaccines
27
Q

osteoporosis red flags
5

A
  1. worsening of symptoms
  2. signs and symptoms of a fracture
  3. increase in the number of fractures
  4. change in posture
  5. decreased strength
28
Q

ovarian cysts

A

fluid-filled sacs that develop in or on the ovary

29
Q

fluid-filled sacs that develop in or on the ovary

A

ovarian cysts

30
Q

ovarian cysts sx or non-sx?

A

may be both

31
Q

ovarian cysts symptoms can include
7

A
  1. pelvic pain or pressure
  2. abdominal fullness or pressure
  3. GI issues (nausea, vomiting, constipation, bloating)
  4. difficult or frequent urination
  5. dysmenorrhea
  6. fever
  7. AUB
32
Q

pelvic pain, abdominal bloating, pelvic pressure

A

ovarian cysts

33
Q

ovarian cysts DD
2

A

PID
endometriosis

34
Q

ovarian cysts Education
5

A
  1. there are fluid filled sacs that develop in or on the ovaries
  2. the cause depends on if you still have your monthly period
  3. women with their period causes - ovulation, dermoid cyst, PCOS, endometriosis, pregnancy
  4. postmenopausal women causes include - noncancerous growths, fluid collection in the ovary, cancer
  5. exercise, stretch, use heat pads
35
Q

ovarian cysts meds
2

A

None - watch and wait as most cysts will go away on their own
NSAIDs or Tylenol for discomfort

36
Q

ovarian cysts test
3

A

pregnancy test
CBC
presumptive dx from US

37
Q

ovarian cysts f/u

A

2 weeks to discuss US results and check on symptom management

38
Q

ovarian cysts red flags
3

A
  1. worsening of symptoms
  2. increase in pain or discomfort
  3. signs of complicated cyst rupture - hypotension, tachycardia, heavy or ongoing blood loss
39
Q

vaginal dryness with itching

A

atrophic vaginitis

40
Q

off-white discharge, foul odor

A

BV

41
Q

vaginal itching, burning

A

candida vulvovaginitis

42
Q

abdominal pain and pressure, infertility, pelvic pain, vaginal tenderness

A

endometriosis

43
Q

movable breast mass

A

fibroadenoma

44
Q

discomfort when bladder filling

A

interstitial cystitis

45
Q

abdominal fullness, bloating

A

ovarian cysts

46
Q

dysmenorrhea, pelvic pressure and pain

A

ovarian cysts

47
Q

irregular period, acne

A

PCOS

48
Q

hair loss on head, obesity

A

PCOS

49
Q

amenorrhea definition

A

no period for 3 or more months

50
Q

oligomenorrhea definition

A

fewer than 9 periods a year

51
Q

oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism

A

PCOS

OSCI (20 decks)

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