westminster model

Question 1

west minster mdoel

Answer 1

lijphart 1992 and 2010
10 variables from consensual state
2 dimensions: executive-parties + federal-unitary

Question 2

point two-party system

Answer 2

lijphart: ENPP (effective number of parliamentary parties)
1945/1996: 2.11
1945-2010: 2.54

strohmeier: 2010: 2.57 - 2015: 2.54 = two-party-and-a-half

Question 3

point cabinet is a single party majority

Answer 3

lijphart: avarage time spending in cabinet by one party cabinets and minimal winning cabinets
1945/1996: 96.7%
1945-2010: 97.3%

strohmeier: 2010/2015: 50% –> middle between the consensus and majoritarian government

Question 4

point executive dominance over legislative party

Answer 4

lijphart: measure the degree of executive dominance using the index of cabinet duration
1945/1996: 8.49 years
1945/2010: 8.12 years

strohmeier: 2010 ended a 13 years long labour governmetn - conservative and liberal coalition
2015 conservatives took power ending coalition –> 5 years

Question 5

point indpedenpence of the central bank depends on executive

Answer 5

lijphart: two indexes to measure the independence of the central bank
1945/1996: 0.31
1945/2010: 0.33
strhomeier: undervalues the blair instigation of the 1998 bank of england act which delivered the central bank a role of establishing interest rates

arnone index: 0.69 compared to 0.40 between 1998/2009