party membership

Question 1

whiteley

Answer 1

1. due to financial aid change –> 2000 policy development grant to parties with two mps or one mp and one mep
   labour lost 40% in 2000s
   people think they are tools of the government
   cartel-party thesis –> party and state are closer (not a representation of the citizens, but a tool fo the govenrment to make it more effective) –> no need of citizens volunteering and aid therefore loss of social capital and societal involvment
2. have become catch all parties –> as many votes as possible based on the median voter theorem, top-down organsiation and the need of strong leader to be able to divert the party, less programmatic coherence

Question 2

quinn

Answer 2

ideological convergence and change in the party system

1. ideological convergence –> median theorem voter, real differents during elections
2. raise of more parties –> 2.54 lijphart index –> single-party dominance –> less likely for your party to get the majority in both westminster and executive
3. alternating dominance party –> less predictible –> crisis e.g. black sunday

Question 3

mair

Answer 3

alternating party dominance –> shared votes have decreased from 90% to 67.3%
small aprties cant run for both legislature and executive
short term leadership interest vs long term party interest
devolution –> where you are in the uk different parties and electoral system