welfare Flashcards
what are the 3 main element of the nordic welfare system
-large public sector
- generous benefits based on universality and egalitarian
-value of equality
what is the role of state-local gov
public services
public employment
taxes
what is the principle of universal social right
services and cash benefit not only for poor but middle class, everyone access
what is the form of democratic governance
the way in which (process) political decisions are made.
evolution of specific pattern for conflict resolution and creation of policy legitimacy
what is key in the nordic form of democratic governance
participation of civil society organizations in political processes.
what is an example of participation of civil society organizations in political processes
triangular relationship
what is the triangular relationship
consensual governance
what are the 2 main social security programs in the 1930s
old age pensions
unemployment insurance
after WW2 what social security were added
disability benefits, universal coverage sickness
what are the 2 pillars of the ideal-typical nordic welfare
- generous social security system. ( protection against classic social risk such as unemployment, sickness, disability, old age)
- welfare services and female employment
what are the different types of benefits
-flate-rate benefits
-means-tested (based on income and assets)
-earning-related (proportional to previous earnings)
what type of benefit is most common in anglo-saxon welfare
mean-tested based on the household
which country deviates from nordic model in social security system
Denmark. less bismarckian, presence of mean-tested benefits.
especially in sweden, when unemployed, access to more than money…
Active Labour Market Policies (ALMP) offering opportunities for training, temporary jobs+ other support
what are welfare services in nordic c
offering free or subsidized -healthcare,
-old age care,
-child care
-free education
after golden area (after 1990), nordic economic difficulty?
severe economic difficulties (increase unemployment, negative growth rate, budget deficit) finland suffer fall of USSR
S+N+F good in crisis, D not so much
sweden changes in system (employers association withdrawn)
Norway reinforcement of system= North Sea oil
core social program since golden area?
less generous
Norway the most but higher GDP
was the nordic countries able to keep income inequalities and financial poverty down
yes, but still follow the global trend that increases + less redistribution+ less social security
what are the contemporary challenges
ageing, globalization, large-scale immigration
in US view, why welfare not good
kill prosperity, kill freedom, decreases right
ex: welfare queens
negative view of welfare
in percentage, does USA or finland more welfare people
USA 15% food stamp
finland 7
taxes in finland: how many % and what do you get?
30.6%
1. functioning and comprehensive health insurance
2. full year of partially paid disability leave
3. nearly 1 year of paid parental leave(each kid) less benefit if 2 years
4. affordable high-quality childcare
5. good k-12 education system
6. free college and free graduate school
how do welfare seen in finland
self-interest of society not altruism, personal freedom, no dependencies, pride in participation in society
what is submerged state?
making gov policies invisible by administering the through private companies/ taxe deduction etc
what are finland financial troubles:
- weak demand for export
- ageing pop
- lost market share in technological industry
- problem forestery sector
- high rigid labor market
6.sanction against russia
what is a benefit of removing social responsibilities from employers
employment more secure when the market up and down
on what idea the Nordic countries based their state (Beatrice Webb)
states must secure national minimum of civilized life (including food-education-care for sick income-living wages)
what aspect an ideal-typical universal eldercare should have
- clearly defined rights
- same for all
3.financed by general taxes - for those who need them
- good quality
- services are publicly provide
de-universalization of elder care in:
-access for those who need them (declining residential care coverage)
-marketization policies, which have introduced competition and choice, and encouraged for-profit provision, have reduced the extent of public provision and de-universalized eldercare in all countries
universalization of eldercare aims to..
reduce inequalities of class and gender through shifting the risks and costs of care from families and markets to public care systems
what is re-familiarization
increase in family care
We show that de-universalization has
occurred in all four countries on several of, if not all, the six dimensions we established at the outset, but considerably more in Finland and Sweden.
social insurance vs services
social insurance is a contributory system that provides financial benefits based on individual contributions (pensions, sick leave and unemployment), while social services are need-based programs aimed at improving overall social welfare and addressing specific community needs. ( childcare, education etc)
what makes strong unions
- % of workforce in the union
- people in power in the union
- cover of workforce in labor agreement
