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Poli487 > welfare > Flashcards

welfare Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 main element of the nordic welfare system

A

-large public sector
- generous benefits based on universality and egalitarian
-value of equality

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2
Q

what is the role of state-local gov

A

public services
public employment
taxes

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3
Q

what is the principle of universal social right

A

services and cash benefit not only for poor but middle class, everyone access

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4
Q

what is the form of democratic governance

A

the way in which (process) political decisions are made.

evolution of specific pattern for conflict resolution and creation of policy legitimacy

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5
Q

what is key in the nordic form of democratic governance

A

participation of civil society organizations in political processes.

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6
Q

what is an example of participation of civil society organizations in political processes

A

triangular relationship

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7
Q

what is the triangular relationship

A

consensual governance

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8
Q

what are the 2 main social security programs in the 1930s

A

old age pensions
unemployment insurance

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9
Q

after WW2 what social security were added

A

disability benefits, universal coverage sickness

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10
Q

what are the 2 pillars of the ideal-typical nordic welfare

A
  1. generous social security system. ( protection against classic social risk such as unemployment, sickness, disability, old age)
  2. welfare services and female employment
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11
Q

what are the different types of benefits

A

-flate-rate benefits
-means-tested (based on income and assets)
-earning-related (proportional to previous earnings)

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12
Q

what type of benefit is most common in anglo-saxon welfare

A

mean-tested based on the household

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13
Q

which country deviates from nordic model in social security system

A

Denmark. less bismarckian, presence of mean-tested benefits.

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14
Q

especially in sweden, when unemployed, access to more than money…

A

Active Labour Market Policies (ALMP) offering opportunities for training, temporary jobs+ other support

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15
Q

what are welfare services in nordic c

A

offering free or subsidized -healthcare,
-old age care,
-child care
-free education

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16
Q

after golden area (after 1990), nordic economic difficulty?

A

severe economic difficulties (increase unemployment, negative growth rate, budget deficit) finland suffer fall of USSR

S+N+F good in crisis, D not so much
sweden changes in system (employers association withdrawn)

Norway reinforcement of system= North Sea oil

17
Q

core social program since golden area?

A

less generous
Norway the most but higher GDP

18
Q

was the nordic countries able to keep income inequalities and financial poverty down

A

yes, but still follow the global trend that increases + less redistribution+ less social security

19
Q

what are the contemporary challenges

A

ageing, globalization, large-scale immigration

20
Q

in US view, why welfare not good

A

kill prosperity, kill freedom, decreases right
ex: welfare queens
negative view of welfare

21
Q

in percentage, does USA or finland more welfare people

A

USA 15% food stamp
finland 7

22
Q

taxes in finland: how many % and what do you get?

A

30.6%
1. functioning and comprehensive health insurance
2. full year of partially paid disability leave
3. nearly 1 year of paid parental leave(each kid) less benefit if 2 years
4. affordable high-quality childcare
5. good k-12 education system
6. free college and free graduate school

23
Q

how do welfare seen in finland

A

self-interest of society not altruism, personal freedom, no dependencies, pride in participation in society

24
Q

what is submerged state?

A

making gov policies invisible by administering the through private companies/ taxe deduction etc

25
Q

what are finland financial troubles:

A
  1. weak demand for export
  2. ageing pop
  3. lost market share in technological industry
  4. problem forestery sector
  5. high rigid labor market
    6.sanction against russia
26
Q

what is a benefit of removing social responsibilities from employers

A

employment more secure when the market up and down

27
Q

on what idea the Nordic countries based their state (Beatrice Webb)

A

states must secure national minimum of civilized life (including food-education-care for sick income-living wages)

28
Q

what aspect an ideal-typical universal eldercare should have

A
  1. clearly defined rights
  2. same for all
    3.financed by general taxes
  3. for those who need them
  4. good quality
  5. services are publicly provide
29
Q

de-universalization of elder care in:

A

-access for those who need them (declining residential care coverage)
-marketization policies, which have introduced competition and choice, and encouraged for-profit provision, have reduced the extent of public provision and de-universalized eldercare in all countries

30
Q

universalization of eldercare aims to..

A

reduce inequalities of class and gender through shifting the risks and costs of care from families and markets to public care systems

31
Q

what is re-familiarization

A

increase in family care

32
Q

We show that de-universalization has

A

occurred in all four countries on several of, if not all, the six dimensions we established at the outset, but considerably more in Finland and Sweden.

33
Q

social insurance vs services

A

social insurance is a contributory system that provides financial benefits based on individual contributions (pensions, sick leave and unemployment), while social services are need-based programs aimed at improving overall social welfare and addressing specific community needs. ( childcare, education etc)

34
Q

what makes strong unions

A
  1. % of workforce in the union
  2. people in power in the union
  3. cover of workforce in labor agreement

Poli487 (7 decks)

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