political parties and party system Flashcards
what are the 5 parties of the nordic party system
conservative
liberal
agrarian
social democrats
communist families
Describe social democrats
moderate left on moral issues, centrist on immigration and environment
Describe communist and radical left
especially in finland and Iceland early 50s, most left, liberal on immigration and environment
Describe conservative
economic interest middle class, agree to some welfare, for private property, most right on economic issues, decrease immigration
describe liberal
more social liberal than economic liberal, secular on moral and religious issues
describe agrarian
centrist, immigration lean right
what are the 3 main deviation from the 5 party system
- swedish peoples party (right on econ, liberal moral and immg, centrist environment.)
- christian party in Norway
- absence of liberal party in Iceland
what are the new parties:
religious
radical right
green parties
what are the religious parties
emerged because: against secularization trends. restrictive on moral but less on immi.and env.
what are radical right
anti-immigration profile, anti-environment, at first anti-taxe
what are green parties
left on all issues
which has the most fragmentation in electorate
Finland (5.7 parties) sweden least 3.9
what is the net electoral volatility
sum of change in support of various parties from one election to the next
what does net electoral volatility underlines
instability in the party system+ lack of close identification to 1 party
what is polarization
distance between political parties for selected policies
what are the special traits of party system Denmark
less support SD
small but influential centre
strong radical right force
deviation from old pattern: from 2001-2011, minority gov of agrarian liberals and conservative with danish people party (right) not centre
what are the special traits of party system finland
-historical centre and agrarian parties (nation-building)
- decrease support liberal
-swedish peoples party
what are the special traits of party system Iceland
-dominance of conservative/independence party
-only one centre party(agrarian)
-fragmented left parties
-woman alliance 1983-99
-alliance (SD+woman+peoples alliance)
what are the special traits of party system Norway
-christian party establish early strong
-strong radical right force “the progress party”
-weak agrarian party
what is fragmentation in party system
number of significant parties nd their electoral support
what are the special traits of party system sweden
-high stability
-SD dominant
-conservative the second most important
-no radical right force before 2010
-more support for non-socialist since 2006-2014
earthquake elections took place in
finland 1970
Denmark and Norway 1973
emergence of radical right parties
before vs now sweden
still sd the best, increase conservative and radical right,
before vs now finland
increase radical right, decrease all left
before vs now Norway
still sd the best and conservative, increase radical right
before vs now Iceland
decrease conservative and sd, increase agrarian and liberal
before vs now Denmark
increase radical right and decrease conservative, still sd best, increase agrarian
what are primaries and the type of
selection process which include a selectorate beyond the representative organs and committees of party
-closed primary= registered member of the party
-partially open= anyone who willing give formal declaration of support or hand-in application
-open= anyone who is eligible to vote
what is the conclusion of the paper on primaries
-inject parties with healthy dynamism
-extend network of supporters and
-provide more opportunities to stand up to established power structures
-enhance democratic rep.+member involvement
BUT challenges cohesion
how many parties to form gov normally Finland
3
what was the red earth and popular front in finland
red earth= sd and centre
popular front= sd and centre and radical left
1987-2011 characterized by (finland)..
shifting pivotality (one of the 3 main against the 2)= driven them closer in ideas
institutional factor of increase level of complexity Finland
removal 1992 of qualified majority rule required 2/3 and even 5/6 majority for passage rule
how measure the complexity
1.time between election and appointment of new gov
2. length of gov program
what are the 2 function og gov programs
- compensate for lack of info about intensions of coalition partners
- promotes cabinet cohesion by settling common goal
