parliament Flashcards
2 ways that democracy is understood
majoritarian (strong efficient gov) and consensual (peoples voices)
the only country nordic that uses ONLY dhondts formula
finland
which countries uses modified version of Sainte-lague formula
Norway and sweden
with country doesn’t adjust seats
finland
which country has the most proportional system
Denmark, threshold 2%
countries and their preference voting. vote for candidate or for a list already decided
n= closed list in practice
f= vote for candidate in party list
d= party or candidate
s= party or candidate
I= closed list but primaries open
underline 2 trends present in nordic regarding representation
increase in women rep around 40%
increase level of professionalization (making it more exclusive) ex; level of education
which country has the best representation in term of MP per person
Iceland. around 19 MP per 100,000 other countries 3 or 4
nordic parliament do…
decide budget, make law, control executive
the speaker:
-doesn’t hold significant power,
-head of the Speakers Collegium( recruited proportionally from party groups)
-organize constant flow of gov proposal
-regular business
in monarchies, consulted by king/queens
what is the purpose of medatic debates
not to chose for real, just for population. raise issues =, criticize gov
the standing committees
between 26(Denmark) and 8(Iceland)
-D+N= all MPs member of at least 1 committee
- all gov proposal discussed in relevant committee before going to the floor
senority= basis for committee studying
are nordic parliament very polarized
no, often common ground
is there high party cohesion
yes, free rider sometimes, but uniformity send from ideological coherence more than disciplinary
which country had most 1 party majority
Norway
which country had most majority coalition
Iceland (88) than finland (68)
which country had the most minority coalition
Denmark
which country had highest average gov durability
sweden(2.25) and Iceland (2.25)
which country have most average duration of gov formation process
finland 26.9 days
what are 2 feature of nordic parliament
- prevalence of minority gov. by #of gov and time in office
- frequent occurrence of one-party gov.(reluctance from coalitions) and able/willing to govern alone
difference between negative and positive parliamentarism
negative parliamentarism highlights a style of governance characterized by its reliance on the absence of opposition rather than a proactive mandate, shaping the dynamics of political stability and policy-making.
which two countries doesn’t follow the trend of more minority gov
finland and Iceland
what are the different type of majority
absolute: 50% of MPs,
simple: 50% of those voting
negative: supported unless absolute majority of MPs against.
all is negative in nordic except finland (simple)
minority gov more common now why?
- result of crisis
2.coalition partners withdrew from majority coalition - surprise
- extreme parties so center don’t want to work with them
- one party fell a few seat short to majority
difference between the Scandinavian countries and Iceland-finland
- I+F are republic with president =, while the other ones and constitutional monarchies
- differences in minority of majority gov (which one was the most recurrent)
how many parties in the riksdag before 1980 and 2014-2018
before: 5
now 8
does transformation of the Swedish party system has altered the way parliamentary democracy work?
little has change,
- cabinet still forms quickly and survive until next election
-bills gov sent to parliament usually passes
-gov manage to implement around 80% of their manifesto
what can be wrongly assumed by fragmentation
draw-out cabinet formation
recurring cabinet crisis
low legislative effectiveness
broken campaign promises
(didn’t happened)
what can create a doubt that this stability can’t be sustainable
the rise of the populism radical right
what does it mean when a parliamentary system work
you need to analyse the link between the different chain of delegation:
voter—) MPs—-) prime minister
indicators: cabinet bargaining duration, legislation effectiveness and promisesVSpolicies perused in gov
what is a gridlock
the inability to pass legislation
what are the differences in the party system since 1980
the # of parties and issues (new issues that are not only left/right economics)
what is GAL vs TAN
Green/Alternative/Libertarian (new dimension of conflict)
Traditional/Authoritarian/Nationalist
conflict over values/culture/identity
what two party formed gov 2014-2018 in coalition
green and SD
why the prevalence of minority gov in sweden
- practice of negative parliamentarism
- influence of opposition through strong committee system
- historical dominance of left-right competition
what is a cordon sanitaire
when parties refuse to work with certain parties
minority gov is less stable than majority. why in sweden minority still very stable
cause constitutional rules about how to dissolve parliament and call new election+ new gov can only rule until the ordinary election term
