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Test 4B Tues/Thurs > Weight Management > Flashcards

Weight Management Flashcards

1
Q

Why has the use of BMI to define obesity met with criticism over the years?

A

it does not measure body fat, but rather total body weight relative to height

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2
Q

We should not use BMI charts for what population of people?

A

individuals with more muscle mass than the average person

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3
Q

So who can we use BMI charts

A

the vast majority of the population

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4
Q

Bat fat calipers

A

measure skin folds at precise body sites

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5
Q

Hydrostatic weighing

A

complete submersion is water

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6
Q

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

A

electrical current through the body

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7
Q

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

A

radiation distinguish bone, muscle, water and fat density

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8
Q

air displacement plethymography

A

BOD POD

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9
Q

Hamwi method

A

Males start with 106 lbs for the first 5 feet
add or subtract 6 lbs per inch over or under 5 feet

Females start with 100 lbs for the first 5 feet
add or subtract 5 lbs per inch over or under 5 feet

The add or subtract 10% to get total healthy range

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10
Q

In order to come up with a more accurate “ideal body weight” what 3 things would need to be considered?

A

frame size
variation
essentiality of body fat

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11
Q

Being thin is just as dangerous to your health as being obese

A

True

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12
Q

What is the major contributor to obesity in America?

A

physical inactivity

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13
Q

Overall _ _ is the primary cause of excess weight.

A

energy imbalance

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14
Q

1lb of fat equals how many kcal’s?

A

3500

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15
Q

An excess of 100 kcal of fat per day could equal a gain of _ lbs per year

A

10.4

100 times 365 (days in a year)
divided by 3500 (1 lb of fat in kcal’s)

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16
Q

Why do fad diets not work (2)

A

Scientific inaccuracies and misinformation

Failure to address the necessity of changing long term habits and behaviors

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17
Q

Effects of fasting (5)

A 
Acidosis
Low blood pressure
Electrolyte imbalance
A loss of lean muscle mass
Decreased BMR
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18
Q

Why do macronutrient restrictions not work? (2)

A

Too restrictive to maintain for extended periods

They also carry health risks

19
Q

Effects of body wraps. What actually happens?

A

No real weight loss. Just temporary water loss

20
Q

Diet drugs _ _ intake by suppressing appetite, _ _ expenditure by stimulating _, and _absorption of _ in the gut.

A 
reduce energy
increase energy
BMR
reducing
food
21
Q

Two types of weight loss surgeries preformed?

A 
Gastric restriction (making the stomach smaller)
Combination procedures (making the stomach smaller and inducing malabsorption
22
Q

List 4 concepts that clients MUST understand and accept before they can expect to see any results

A

no short cuts
weight loss requires handwork
and individual motivation
Life style change in food and activity

23
Q

A good weight management program must be based on what 5 characteristics?

A 
realistic goals
negative energy balance
nutritional adequacy
cultural appeal
energy readjustment to maintain weight
24
Q

Define normal eating (4)

A

eating when hungry and stopping when full

demonstrating moderate restraint with food selection

recognizing that overeating and undereating are sometimes acceptable

having the ability to be flexible with eating schedule

25
Q

Genetic predisposition, OCD, dieting behavior, acculturation, high level of exercise, perfectionism, body dysmorphic disorder, negative self evaluation are all risk factors for _ _

A

Anorexia Nervosa

26
Q

Negative self evaluation, low perceived social support, parental influences such as comments about weight, parental obesity, childhood obesity, high use of escape avoidance coping, all or none perceptions about eating, and impulsive personality are all risk factors for _ _

A

Bulimia Nervosa

27
Q

Related exposure to negative comments about shape, weight, and eating, negative self evaluation, perfectionism, childhood obesity, low self esteem, high levels of body concern, high use of escape avoidance coping, and low levels of perceived social support are all risk factors for _ _ _

A

Binge Eating Disorder

28
Q

Who are the professionals qualified to treat eating disorders?

A

physicians
psychologist
dietitians

29
Q

% of adults overweight in the US

A

34.2%

30
Q

% of adults that are obese in the US

A

33.8%

31
Q

% of adults that are extremely obese in the US

A

5.7%

32
Q

% of children and adolescents that are obese in the US

A

16.9%

33
Q

BMI (3)

A

Body Mass Index
Height vs Weight
Inappropriate for those near “ideal weight”

34
Q

Assessing body composition plus or minus 1-2%

A

Hydrostatic Weighing

Dual Energy x-ray absorptiometry

35
Q

Assessing body composition plus or minus 2-3%

A 
Air Plethysmography (BOD POD)
Skinfold measurements
36
Q

Assessing body composition plus or minus 3-4%

A

Bioelectric Impedance

37
Q

Body fat percentage for minimum life, not optimal for function

A

Males 5%

Females 12%

38
Q

Set Point Theory

A

Everyone has a genetic “set point” for their body size
It changes with age
It is set by genetics
It can be overridden but must be maintained for life

39
Q

Fat Cell Theory

A

Born with genetic amount of fat cells
Children/Adolescents can increase in number
Adults can increase in size (in extreme cases also in number)

40
Q

What stimulates poor eating behavior?

A 
Certain situations 
boredom
Parties
Emotions
Actual places/activities 
the commute
in front of the TV
41
Q

ADA guidelines for Carbs

A

45-65%

42
Q

ADA guidelines for protein

A

10-35%

43
Q

ADA guidelines for fat

A

15-25%

44
Q

ACSM guidelines for weight loss

A

no less than 1200-1800 calories per day

Test 4B Tues/Thurs (8 decks)

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