Week Two - Health Belies, Behaviour & Promotion Flashcards
What are the 3 types of health behaviours?
health behaviour
illness behaviour
sick role behaviour
Define health behaviour, illness behaviour and sick role behaviour
Aims to prevent disease (e.g., eating healthy)
Aims to seek remedy (e.g., going to the doctor)
Aims at getting well (e.g., taking medication)
What are health impairing habits?
Behavioural pathogens e.g., smoking
What are health protective behaviours?
Behavioural immunogens e.g., health checks
What is important about Health Beliefs?
They are the key predictors of behaviour
What are the 4 health beliefs?
attributions
risk perception
motivation and self-determination
self-efficacy
Define the Health Belief - Attribution
The motivation to see the social world as predictable and controllable.
Two states:
Internal (attributing situation to our own ability)
External (understand the cause of the situation is external)
health = internal illness = external
Define the Health Belief - Risk Perception
A person’s perception of whether or not they are susceptible to a given health problem
Can over or underestimate risks and have inaccurate perceptions (unrealistic optimism)
People believe risky behaviours can be neutralised or compensated for.
Explain risk compensation
I can eat chocolate because i play tennis
Define the Health Belief - Motivation and Self-Determination
Brings about autonomous motivations: The want to engage in personally relevant goals e.g., eating healthy.
Correlated with sense of wellbeing and persistent health related behaviours
Define the Health Belief - Self-Efficacy
Feeling confident in one’s ability to engage in any given behaviour.
What are the 2 stage models?
What do stage models propose?
SOC
HAPA
Consider individuals to be at different ordered stages and describe how they move through these stages as they change their behaviour.
What are the 3 Social Cognition models?
What do they examine?
What are the 3 factors that the models suggest behaviour is governed by?
HBM
PMT
TOPB
The predictors and precursors to health behaviours and take a continuum approach to behaviour change
Suggests that behaviour is governed by expectancies, incentives and social cognition
Define the SOC Model
Pre-Contemplation: Not intending to make any changes
Contemplation: Considering change
Preparation: Making small changes
Action: Actively engaging in new behaviour
Maintenance: Sustaining the change over time
These do not occur in a linear fashion.
Explain the Health Action Process Approach
Emphasises self-efficacy and attempts to predict both behavioural intentions and actual behaviour.
Makes a distinction between decision-making/motivational stage and and action/maintenance stage
What are the components of the motivational stage in HAPA?
Self efficacy
outcome expectancies
threat appraisal (severity and susceptibility beliefs)
What are the components of the action stage in HAPA?
volitional of cognitive aspect, the action plan i.e., trying to see the bad
action control mechanism ie., reminding
situational factors (social support and situational barriers)