Week Two (Cell Structure) Flashcards
Fundamentals of microscopy
Resolution, Magnification, Contrast
Resolution (Microscopy)
Ability to distinguish details of a sample
Magnification (Microscopy)
Ratio of objects to actual size
Contrast (Microscopy)
The difference in brightness between the light and dark areas
Types of microscopy
Electron and Light
Light Microscopy
Passing a beam of light through a sample
Electron Microscopy
Passing a beam of electrons over/through a sample
Benefits to light microscopy
Seeing living cells
Benefits to electron microscopy
Better resolution and magnification
Differences between plant and animal cells
Cell wall, vacuoles, chloroplast, shape, lysosomes, movement(cilia), plastids and centrioles
Eukaryotic Endomembrane System Structure
Nucleus, ribosomes, ER, golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles
Ribosome Structure
Free or binded to ER
Ribosome Function
Responsible for translation/ protein synthesis
Nucleus Function
rRNA transcription, ribosome assembly
ER Function
liquid synthesis, drug detoxification, calcium storage, membrane synthesis, protein glycolysation
Golgi Apparatus Function
receiving sort and release vesicles, alters macromolecules, synthesis of secreted polysaccharides
Lysosomes Function
Hydrolysis of macromolecules (contains enzymes)
Vacuoles Function
Transportation
What is the Endosymbiont Theory?
The theory that the mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from bacteria
Mitochondria Function
Site for cellular respiration
Chloroplasts Function
Site for photosynthesis
Properties of Cytoskeleton
Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments
Role of cytoskeleton
Mechanical support, structure, cell movement
Role of microtubules
compression resisting
