Week Four (Photosynthesis and Cell Communication)

Question 1

Photon

Answer 1

Quantity of light with specific amount of energy

Question 2

Pigments

Answer 2

Absorb visible light of specific wavelengths

Question 3

Types of Pigments

Answer 3

Chlorophyll a (primary), chlorophyll b and carotenoids (secondary)

Question 4

Colour of pigment is based on?

Answer 4

The colour of light that is absorbed the least

Question 5

Role of the Light Reactions

Answer 5

Converting solar energy to chemical

Question 6

Where do the light reactions occur?

Answer 6

In the thylakoid

Question 7

Overview of the Light Reactions

Answer 7

Transfer electrons and protons from water to NADP to from NADPH

Question 8

How the light reactions produce energy

Answer 8

ATP through ETC and chemiosmosis (via photophosphorylation)

Question 9

Energy payoff of the light reactions

Answer 9

1.5 ATP and 1 NADPH per H2O

Question 10

Overview of the Calvin cycle

Answer 10

Chemical energy of light reactions used to make G3P

Question 11

3 phases of the calvin cycle

Answer 11

Carbon fixation, reduction and regeneration of RuBP

Question 12

Equation of Calvin cycle

Answer 12

3CO2+6NADPH+9ATP+5H20->G3P+6NADP+8P+2H

Question 13

Quorum sensing

Answer 13

Method of communication that allows bacteria to detect population density

Question 14

Local signalling

Answer 14

Direct contact via cell junction or cell-cell recognition

Question 15

Examples of local signalling

Answer 15

Paracrine signalling (signal molecules acting on local cells
Synaptic signalling (signal molecules acting on specific target cells)

Question 16

Long distance Signalling

Answer 16

Secretion and detection of signal molecules produced

Question 17

Example of long distance signalling

Answer 17

Hormones

Question 18

Explain Signal Transduction

Answer 18

-The conversion of signal into a from that cause a specific response
-Using relay molecules for multisteps (allowing for amplification of signal and more oppurtunities for regulation

Question 19

Signal Specificity

Answer 19

Different cells have different responses to the same signal based on the collection of proteins

Question 20

Signal termination

Answer 20

Cellular response to a signal needs stop once signal is removed