Week Six: Nerves Of Steel

Question 0

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

Answer 0

Neurons

Question 1

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Answer 1

• Coordinates and controls body activity

* Detects and processes internal and external information and formulates appropriate

Question 2

What are the three types of neurons?

Answer 2

Sensory (afferent)
Associative
Motor (efferent)

Question 3

What are the parts of the neuron?

Answer 3

Cell body, dendrites, axon

Question 4

What is the function of dendrites?

Answer 4

Carry impulses toward the cell body

Question 5

What is the combining form for dendrites

Answer 5

Dendr/o

Question 6

What are the functions of axon

Answer 6

Carry impulses away from the cell

Question 7

Combining form for axon

Answer 7

Ax/o

Question 8

What is a synapse

Answer 8

Space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor

Question 9

What is the combining form for a synapse

Answer 9

Synaps/o and synapt/o

Question 10

What are neurotransmitters

Answer 10

Chemical substances that are released into the space to allow information to be relayed

Question 11

What are neuroglia or glial cells

Answer 11

Supportive cells of the nervous system

Question 12

What is the combining form glial cells

Answer 12

Gli/o

Question 13

What are the glial cells: (examples of them)

Answer 13

Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells

Question 14

What is the myelin

Answer 14

Protective covering over some nerve cells including parts of the spinal cord
Serves as an electrical insulator

Question 15

What are the nodes of ranvier

Answer 15

Gaps

Question 16

What gives white matter it’s color

Answer 16

Myelin gives nerve fibers a white color

Question 17

What gives gray matter it’s color

Answer 17

Does not contain myelinated fibers

Question 18

What is a nerve?

Answer 18

One or more bundles of impulse carrying fibers that connect CNS to other parts of the body

Question 19

Combining forms for nerve or nerve tissue

Answer 19

Neur/i

Neur/o

Question 20

What is the central nervous system is made up of

Answer 20

the brain and spinal cord

Question 21

Combining form for brain

Answer 21

Encephal/o

Question 22

Combining form for spinal cord

Answer 22

Myel/o

Question 23

Combining form for bone marrow

Answer 23

Myel/o

Question 24

What are the meninges and what are the layers

Answer 24

A three layered membrane that surrounds the CNS Dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater

Question 25

What is the CSF

Answer 25

Cerebrospinal fluid Clear, colorless ultrafiltrate that nourishes, cools, and cushions the CNS (Protective fluid)

Question 26

What is the CSF made by?

Answer 26

Choroid plexus that lines the ventricles of the brain

Question 27

What is the brain

Answer 27

Enlarged and highly developed portion of the CNS that lies in the skull and is the main site of nervous control

Question 28

What is the cranium

Answer 28

Portion of the skull that encases the brain

Question 29

Combining form for skull

Answer 29

Crani/o

Question 30

Combining form for brain

Answer 30

Encephal/o

Question 31

Word part for cerebrum

Answer 31

Cerebr/o

Question 32

What is the cerebrum

Answer 32

Largest part of the brain and is responsible for receiving and processing information

Question 34

What is the cerebellum

Answer 34

Second largest part of the brain that coordinates muscle activity

Question 35

_______ connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord and supports basic life functions

Answer 35

Brainstem

Question 36

Cerebral cortex is made of ______ matter

Answer 36

Gray

Question 37

What are the elevated portions of the cerebrum called?

Answer 37

Gyri

Question 38

Gyr/o

Answer 38

Folding

Question 39

Convolut/o

Answer 39

Coiled

Question 40

Grooves of the brain are called

Answer 40

Sulci

Question 41

Sulc/o

Answer 41

Grooves

Question 42

Brainstem consists of what four things?

Answer 42

Pons, medulla oblongata, midbrain, interbrain

Question 43

What does the interbrain contain?

Answer 43

Pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and thalamus

Question 44

What does the midbrain contain?

Answer 44

Structures for visual and auditory reflexes, posture, and muscle control

Question 45

What are pons?

Answer 45

Bridge at the base of the brain that nerves cross over

Question 46

What is the medulla oblongata

Answer 46

Cranial continuation of the spinal cord that controls basic life functions

Question 47

_______ is the continuation of the medulla oblongata of the brainstem

Answer 47

Spinal Cord

Question 48

Combining form for spinal cord

Answer 48

Myel/o

Question 49

The spinal cord passes through an opening in the occipital bone called the what?

Answer 49

Foramen magnum

Question 50

The spinal cord is housed within _____ to protect it from injury

Answer 50

Vertebrae

Question 51

What are intervertebral discs?

Answer 51

Layers of fibrocartilage that form pads separating and cushioning the vertebrae from each other

Question 52

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) CONSISTS OF...

Answer 52

Cranial and spinal nerves, the autonomic nervous system, and ganglia (sorry about the caps)

Question 53

______ are 12 pairs of nerves that originate from the undersurface of the brain

Answer 53

Cranial nerves

Question 54

What do spinal nerves do?

Answer 54

Supply sensory and motor fibers to the body region associated with their emergence from the spinal cord

Question 55

What are the 12 cranial nerves in order

Answer 55

``` I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigeminal VI. Abducent VII.Facial VIII. Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear IX. Glossophayngeal X. Vagus XI. Accessory XII. Hypoglossal ```

Question 56

The _______ ______ _______ is part of the peripheral nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Answer 56

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 57

What does the sympathetic part of the ANS control?

Answer 57

Fight or flight

Question 58

What does the parasympathetic part of the ANS control?

Answer 58

Maintains normal body functions