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Med Term 2 (AC) > Week Six: Nerves Of Steel > Flashcards

Week Six: Nerves Of Steel Flashcards

0
Q

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

A

Neurons

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1
Q

What are the functions of the nervous system?

A
  • Coordinates and controls body activity

* Detects and processes internal and external information and formulates appropriate

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2
Q

What are the three types of neurons?

A

Sensory (afferent)
Associative
Motor (efferent)

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3
Q

What are the parts of the neuron?

A

Cell body, dendrites, axon

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4
Q

What is the function of dendrites?

A

Carry impulses toward the cell body

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5
Q

What is the combining form for dendrites

A

Dendr/o

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6
Q

What are the functions of axon

A

Carry impulses away from the cell

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7
Q

Combining form for axon

A

Ax/o

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8
Q

What is a synapse

A

Space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor

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9
Q

What is the combining form for a synapse

A

Synaps/o and synapt/o

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10
Q

What are neurotransmitters

A

Chemical substances that are released into the space to allow information to be relayed

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11
Q

What are neuroglia or glial cells

A

Supportive cells of the nervous system

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12
Q

What is the combining form glial cells

A

Gli/o

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13
Q

What are the glial cells: (examples of them)

A 
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
Schwann cells
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14
Q

What is the myelin

A

Protective covering over some nerve cells including parts of the spinal cord
Serves as an electrical insulator

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15
Q

What are the nodes of ranvier

A

Gaps

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16
Q

What gives white matter it’s color

A

Myelin gives nerve fibers a white color

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17
Q

What gives gray matter it’s color

A

Does not contain myelinated fibers

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18
Q

What is a nerve?

A

One or more bundles of impulse carrying fibers that connect CNS to other parts of the body

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19
Q

Combining forms for nerve or nerve tissue

A

Neur/i

Neur/o

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20
Q

What is the central nervous system is made up of

A

the brain and spinal cord

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21
Q

Combining form for brain

A

Encephal/o

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22
Q

Combining form for spinal cord

A

Myel/o

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23
Q

Combining form for bone marrow

24
Q

What are the meninges and what are the layers

A

A three layered membrane that surrounds the CNS

Dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater

25
Q

What is the CSF

A

Cerebrospinal fluid
Clear, colorless ultrafiltrate that nourishes, cools, and cushions the CNS
(Protective fluid)

26
Q

What is the CSF made by?

A

Choroid plexus that lines the ventricles of the brain

27
Q

What is the brain

A

Enlarged and highly developed portion of the CNS that lies in the skull and is the main site of nervous control

28
Q

What is the cranium

A

Portion of the skull that encases the brain

29
Q

Combining form for skull

30
Q

Combining form for brain

A

Encephal/o

31
Q

Word part for cerebrum

32
Q

What is the cerebrum

A

Largest part of the brain and is responsible for receiving and processing information

34
Q

What is the cerebellum

A

Second largest part of the brain that coordinates muscle activity

35
Q

_______ connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord and supports basic life functions

36
Q

Cerebral cortex is made of ______ matter

37
Q

What are the elevated portions of the cerebrum called?

38
Q

Gyr/o

39
Q

Convolut/o

40
Q

Grooves of the brain are called

41
Q

Sulc/o

42
Q

Brainstem consists of what four things?

A

Pons, medulla oblongata, midbrain, interbrain

43
Q

What does the interbrain contain?

A

Pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and thalamus

44
Q

What does the midbrain contain?

A

Structures for visual and auditory reflexes, posture, and muscle control

45
Q

What are pons?

A

Bridge at the base of the brain that nerves cross over

46
Q

What is the medulla oblongata

A

Cranial continuation of the spinal cord that controls basic life functions

47
Q

_______ is the continuation of the medulla oblongata of the brainstem

A

Spinal Cord

48
Q

Combining form for spinal cord

49
Q

The spinal cord passes through an opening in the occipital bone called the what?

A

Foramen magnum

50
Q

The spinal cord is housed within _____ to protect it from injury

51
Q

What are intervertebral discs?

A

Layers of fibrocartilage that form pads separating and cushioning the vertebrae from each other

52
Q

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) CONSISTS OF…

A

Cranial and spinal nerves, the autonomic nervous system, and ganglia

(sorry about the caps)

53
Q

______ are 12 pairs of nerves that originate from the undersurface of the brain

A

Cranial nerves

54
Q

What do spinal nerves do?

A

Supply sensory and motor fibers to the body region associated with their emergence from the spinal cord

55
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves in order

A 
I. Olfactory
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
V. Trigeminal
VI. Abducent
VII.Facial
VIII. Acoustic/Vestibulocochlear
IX. Glossophayngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal
56
Q

The _______ ______ _______ is part of the peripheral nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

A

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

57
Q

What does the sympathetic part of the ANS control?

A

Fight or flight

58
Q

What does the parasympathetic part of the ANS control?

A

Maintains normal body functions

Med Term 2 (AC) (10 decks)

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