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Med Term 2 (AC) > Week Nine: Null And Void > Flashcards

Week Nine: Null And Void Flashcards

0
Q

What is the major waste product of protein metabolism

A

Urea

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1
Q

What is the main responsibility for the urinary system

A

Removal of wastes from the body

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2
Q

Combining forms for urine/urinary organs

A

Urin/o and ur/o

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3
Q

Urinary organs maintain proper balance of…

A

Water
Electrolytes
Acids in body fluids

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4
Q

Where is urine formed

A

Kidneys

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5
Q

Explain the flow of urine starting at the kidneys

A

Formed in kidneys
Flows trough ureters to urinary bladder
Stored in urinary bladder
Flows through the urethra and outside the body

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6
Q

Combining forms for kidney

A

Ren/o and nephr/o

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7
Q

Kidneys are located in what cavity

A

Retroperitoneal

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8
Q

Blood flows intro each kidney through the…

A

Renal artery

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9
Q

Blood leaves the kidney via the…

A

Renal vein

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10
Q

What is the outer layer of the kidney

A

Cortex

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11
Q

Where is the majority of nephrons located

A

Renal cortex

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12
Q

What is the inner layer of the kidneys called

A

Medulla

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13
Q

The medulla contains most of the…

A

Collecting tubules

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14
Q

What is a nephron

A

Functional unit of kidney

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15
Q

Where does filtration take place in a nephron

A

In the glomerulus

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16
Q

Where does reabsorption take place in a nephron

A

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of henle
Collecting tubule

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17
Q

Where does secretion take place in a nephron

A

Distal convoluted tubule

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18
Q

Combining form for glomerulus

A

Glomerul/o

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19
Q

What is the cluster of capillaries surrounded by bowmans capsule called

A

Glomerulus

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20
Q

What does glomerul/o mean

A

Wind into a ball

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21
Q

Plural form of glomerulus

A

Glomeruli

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22
Q

Combining form for renal pelvis

A

Pyel/o

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23
Q

What is the area of the kidney where the nephrons collect before entering ureters

A

Renal pelvis

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24
Q

What is the calyce

A

Cup that collects urine from the kidney

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25
Q

Singular form of calyces

A

Calyx

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26
Q

What is the point of attachment of renal blood vessels, nerves, and ureter

A

Hilus

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27
Q

Cattle have what type of kidneys

A

Lobulated

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28
Q

Right kidney of horses is _____ shaped

A

Heart

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29
Q

Combining form for ureters

A

Ureter/o

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30
Q

What carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

A

Ureter

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31
Q

The ureters enter the urinary bladder at the…

A

Trigone

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32
Q

Combining form for urinary bladder

33
Q

What is the singular, hollow, muscular organ that holds urine called

A

Urinary bladder

34
Q

Flow out of the urinary bladder to the urethra is controlled by…

A

Sphincters

35
Q

Combining form for urethra

36
Q

What is the tube extending from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body called

37
Q

What is the external opening of the urethra

A

Urethral meatus

38
Q

What does meat/o mean

39
Q

What is the process of urine production called

A

Uropoiesis

40
Q

What is the combining form for formation

41
Q

What does turbid mean

42
Q

What is the pH of urine dependent on

A

Species and diet

43
Q

What is herbivores urine pH like?

A

Basic urine/higher pH

44
Q

What are carnivores urine pH like?

A

Acidic urine/lower pH

45
Q

Explain erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Produced by kidney; stimulates red blood cell production

46
Q

Explain anti diuretic hormone (ADH)

A

Released by posterior pituitary

Tells kidney to reabsorb more water

47
Q

Explain aldosterone

A

Secreted by the adrenal cortex

Tells kidney to reabsorb sodium

48
Q

What is a urinalysis (UA)

A

Tests the physical and chemical properties of a urine sample

Like chemistry, turbidity, color, odor, cellular constituents

49
Q

When are casts found in urine

A

Renal disease or another abnormality

50
Q

What is incontinence

A

Cannot control skeletal sphincter

51
Q

What happens during renal failure

A

Nephrons die

52
Q

What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

Bacteria/yeast/fungi is found in urinary system

53
Q

What is urolith

A

Stone in urinary bladder

54
Q

What is a cystolith

A

Stone in urinary bladder

55
Q

What is a cystocentesis

A

Puncture to remove fluid from bladder

56
Q

What is dialysis

A

Mechanical filtration in kidneys

Remove blood waste products

57
Q

What is lithotripsy

A

Break down stones so we can get them out

58
Q

What is urethrostomy

Rainy likes this one

A

Make an alternate hole (bigger hole) so urine can come out (usually on males)

59
Q

What is the hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

A

Erythropoietin

60
Q

What is the hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland that suppresses ironed formation by reabsorbing more water

A

Antidiuretic (ADH)

61
Q

What is the hormone secretes by the adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte balance via the reabsorbtion of sodium

A

Aldosterone

62
Q

Presence of the major blood protein in urine

A

Albuminuria

63
Q

Complete suppression of urine production

64
Q

Presence of bacteria in urine

A

Bacteriuria

65
Q

Urine with naturally produced angular solid of definitive form (crystals)

A

Crystalluria

66
Q

Difficult or painful urination

67
Q

Glucose in urine

A

Glucosuria
Or
Glycosuria

68
Q

Blood in urine

69
Q

Presence of ketone in urine

70
Q

Excessive urination at night

71
Q

Scant or little urine

72
Q

Frequent urination

A

Pollakiuria

73
Q

Excessive urination

74
Q

Presence of proteins in urine

A

Proteinuria

75
Q

Pus in urine

76
Q

Slow or painful urination

A

Stranguria

77
Q

What is a scout film

A

Plain X ray made without the use of contrast material

78
Q

Suffix meaning presence of stones or calculi

A

-lithiasis

79
Q

Suffix meaning distinction or stretching

80
Q

What is a kidney stone or renal calculus called

A

Nephrolith

81
Q

What is -ptosis

A

Drooping or dropping down

Med Term 2 (AC) (10 decks)

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