Week Eight: Endocrine System Flashcards
What does -crine mean
Secrete
What are hormones?
Ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers
Combining form for pituitary gland
Pituit/o
What does the hypothalamus do?
Secretes releasing and inhibiting factors that affect release of substances from pituitary gland
What is the master gland and what does it do
Hypophysis
Secretes many hormones that control other glands in system
What is TSH and what does it do
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Produces thyroid hormones, stimulates growth and secretions of thyroid
What is ACTH and what does it do
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Stimulates growth and secretions of the adrenal cortex
What is FSH and what does it do
Follicle stimulating hormone
Produces sex cells
What is LH and what does it do
Luteinizing hormone
Stimulates ovulation and aids in maintenance of pregnancy
What is ICSH and what does it do
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone
Stimulates testosterone secretion
What does prolactin do
Stimulates milk secretion/production and influences maternal behavior
What is GH and what does it do
Growth hormone
Growth factor
What is MSH and what does it do
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
Stimulates production I melanin
What is ADH and what does it do
Antidiuretic hormone
Reabsorption of water
What does oxytocin do
Causes uterine contractions and helps with milk let down
What does adenohypophysis do
Is it direct or indirect acting
Produces hormones
Indirect acting hormones
What does neurohypophysis do
Is it direct or indirect acting
Stores as secretes hormones in response to neurologic stimulus
Direct acting hormones
What is the butterfly shaped gland called
Thyroid
What does the thyroid gland secrete
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)
Calcitonin
What does triiodothyronine do?
Regulates metabolism
What does thyroxine do
Regulates metabolism
What does calcitonin
Promotes absorption of calcium from blood into bones
Combining forms for thyroid
Thyr/o
Thyroid/o
What does the parathyroid gland do
Secretes parathormone
Pulls calcium from bones into blood stream
Combining form form parathyroid gland
Parathyroid/o
The cortex is the ______ layer of the adrenal glands
Outside
The medulla is the ______ layer of adrenal glands
Middle
What does the adrenal cortex secrete
Mineralocoeicoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens
Androgens are what?
Sex specific traits
The adrenal medulla secretes what
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Combining forms for adrenal glands
Adren/o
Adrenal/o
What does epinephrine do
Fight or flight
What does norepinephrine do
Brings everything back down and makes body normal
What is the function of the pancreas in the endocrine
Maintain blood glucose levels
Secretes insulin and glucagon
What does insulin do
Takes sugar in storage
What does glucagon do
Takes stored glucose and puts into blood streams
Combining form for pancreas
Pancreat/o
What gland is predominant in young animals and is located near midline (in cranial portion if thoracic cavity)
Thymus
What does the thymus do
Secretes thymosin
What is thymosin
Stimulates T cells
Plays role in immune system
Combining from for thymus
Thym/o
What does the pineal gland do
Maintains circadian rhythm
Secretes melatonin
Combining form for pineal gland
Pineal/o
What are gonads
Glands that produce gametes
Combining form for gonads
Gonad/o
What do female gonads do
Secretes estrogen and progesterone
What so male gonads do
Secrete testosterone
What is an assay
Any test
What is a stimulation test
Tying to stimulate hormone levels
What is a suppression test
Tell hormone not to be increased
What is acromegaly
Abnormal growth
What is Addison’s disease
Disorder caused by deficient adrenal correct functions
What is cushings disease
Disorder caused by excessive adrenal correct production of glucocorticoid
Results in PUPD
What is diabetes insipidus
Insufficient anti diuretic production or ability of kidneys to respond to ADH stimuli
What is diabetes mellitus
Insufficient insulin levels, can become hyperglycemic
What is gynecomastia
Man boobs
Not enough testosterone, or too much estrogen
What is an insulinoma
Tumor in insulin places
What is pancreatitis
Inflammation or pancreas
What is chemical thyroidectomy
Using chemicals to kill off thyroid
What is a lobectomy
Surgical removal or chunk of something
