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Functional Anatomy > Week Seven > Flashcards

Week Seven Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the thoracic walls?

A
  • Protection

- Respiration

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2
Q

What are the bones of the thorax?

A
  • Ribs & Costal cartilages true (1‐7), false (8‐10), floating (11‐12)
  • Sternum
  • 12 thoracic vertebrae & IVD
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3
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the external intercostal?

A
  • P: external inferior border of superior ribs

- D: external superior border of lower ribs

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4
Q

What is the action of the external intercostal?

A

Action: elevate ribs during forced inspiration

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5
Q

What is the nerve supply of the external intercostal?

A

NS: intercostal nerve

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6
Q

What is the function of the external intercostal?

A

-The external intercostal muscles function to increase the anteroposterior dimension of the thorax by causing elevation of the ribs at the and 2nd ‐6th costovertebral joints during inspiration

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7
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the internal intercostal?

A
  • P: inner inferior border of superior ribs

- D: inner superior border of lower ribs

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8
Q

What is the action of the internal intercostal?

A

Action:

  • Interosseous part: depress ribs during forced expiration
  • Interchondral part: elevates ribs during inspiration
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9
Q

What is the nerve supply of the internal intercostal?

A

NS: intercostal nerve

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10
Q

What is the function of the internal intercostal?

A

-The internal intercostal muscles function to increase the transverse dimension of the thorax by causing elevation of the ribs at the and 7th ‐ 10th costovertebral joints during inspiration

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11
Q

What is the main function of the intercostal muscles?

A

-The main function of the intercostal muscles is to maintain rigidity of the intercostal spaces

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12
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the diaphragm?

A
  • P: inner border of costal margin, posterior abdominal wall & superior lumbar vertebrae
  • D: central tendon
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13
Q

What is the action of the diaphragm?

A

Action: the central part descends during inspiration; primary muscle of inspiration

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14
Q

What is the nerve supply of the diaphragm?

A

NS: Phrenic nerve

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15
Q

What is the function of the diaphragm?

A

-The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle. It functions to increase the vertical dimension of the thorax

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16
Q

What are the 3 movements of the thoracic wall?

A
  • Increase in the vertical dimension of the thorax (diaphragm)
  • Increase in the anteroposterior dimension of the thorax (sternum moves forward)
  • Increase in the transverse dimension of the thorax (ribs rise)
17
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the rectus abdominis?

A
  • P: pubic symphysis & pubic crest

- D: xiphoid process & 5‐7 costal cartilages

18
Q

What is the action of the rectus abdominis?

A

Action: trunk flexion, compression of abdominal viscera Function: stabilise pelvic tilt (antilordosis)

19
Q

What is the nerve supply of the rectus abdominis?

A

NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve

20
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the external oblique?

A
  • P: external surface ribs 5‐12

- D: linea alba, pubic tubercle, lateral inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest

21
Q

What is the action of the external oblique?

A

Action: trunk flexion & rotation, compression & support abdominal viscera

22
Q

What is the nerve supply of the external oblique?

A

NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve

23
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the internal oblique?

A
  • P: thoracolumbar fascia, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
  • D: inferior border of ribs 10‐12, linea alba, pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
24
Q

What is the action of the internal oblique?

A

Action: trunk flexion & rotation, compression & support abdominal viscera

25
Q

What is the nerve supply of the internal oblique?

A

NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve & 1st lumbar nerve

26
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the transverse abdominis?

A
  • P: lateral inguinal ligament, inner anterior iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, lower 6 costal cartilages
  • D: linear alba, aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
27
Q

What is the action of the transverse abdominis?

A

Action: compression & support abdominal viscera

28
Q

What is the nerve supply of the transverse abdominis?

A

NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve & 1st lumbar nerve

29
Q

What is the linear alba distal attachment for?

A
  • External oblique
  • Internal oblique
  • Transverse abdominis
30
Q

What is the action and function of the abdominal muscles?

A

Movements:
-Trunk lateral flexion:
o Ipsilateral contraction of internal & external obliques
-Trunk rotation:
o Contralateral contraction of external oblique
o Ipsilateral contraction of internal oblique
-Respiration: forced expiration (coughing, sneezing)
-Bodily functions: vomiturition, defecation, flatus, micturition, parturition

Functional Anatomy (7 decks)

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