Week Seven Flashcards
Function of the thoracic walls?
- Protection
- Respiration
What are the bones of the thorax?
- Ribs & Costal cartilages true (1‐7), false (8‐10), floating (11‐12)
- Sternum
- 12 thoracic vertebrae & IVD
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the external intercostal?
- P: external inferior border of superior ribs
- D: external superior border of lower ribs
What is the action of the external intercostal?
Action: elevate ribs during forced inspiration
What is the nerve supply of the external intercostal?
NS: intercostal nerve
What is the function of the external intercostal?
-The external intercostal muscles function to increase the anteroposterior dimension of the thorax by causing elevation of the ribs at the and 2nd ‐6th costovertebral joints during inspiration
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the internal intercostal?
- P: inner inferior border of superior ribs
- D: inner superior border of lower ribs
What is the action of the internal intercostal?
Action:
- Interosseous part: depress ribs during forced expiration
- Interchondral part: elevates ribs during inspiration
What is the nerve supply of the internal intercostal?
NS: intercostal nerve
What is the function of the internal intercostal?
-The internal intercostal muscles function to increase the transverse dimension of the thorax by causing elevation of the ribs at the and 7th ‐ 10th costovertebral joints during inspiration
What is the main function of the intercostal muscles?
-The main function of the intercostal muscles is to maintain rigidity of the intercostal spaces
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the diaphragm?
- P: inner border of costal margin, posterior abdominal wall & superior lumbar vertebrae
- D: central tendon
What is the action of the diaphragm?
Action: the central part descends during inspiration; primary muscle of inspiration
What is the nerve supply of the diaphragm?
NS: Phrenic nerve
What is the function of the diaphragm?
-The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle. It functions to increase the vertical dimension of the thorax
What are the 3 movements of the thoracic wall?
- Increase in the vertical dimension of the thorax (diaphragm)
- Increase in the anteroposterior dimension of the thorax (sternum moves forward)
- Increase in the transverse dimension of the thorax (ribs rise)
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the rectus abdominis?
- P: pubic symphysis & pubic crest
- D: xiphoid process & 5‐7 costal cartilages
What is the action of the rectus abdominis?
Action: trunk flexion, compression of abdominal viscera Function: stabilise pelvic tilt (antilordosis)
What is the nerve supply of the rectus abdominis?
NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the external oblique?
- P: external surface ribs 5‐12
- D: linea alba, pubic tubercle, lateral inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest
What is the action of the external oblique?
Action: trunk flexion & rotation, compression & support abdominal viscera
What is the nerve supply of the external oblique?
NS: thoraco‐abdominal nerve
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the internal oblique?
- P: thoracolumbar fascia, anterior iliac crest, lateral inguinal ligament
- D: inferior border of ribs 10‐12, linea alba, pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
What is the action of the internal oblique?
Action: trunk flexion & rotation, compression & support abdominal viscera
