Week Eight Flashcards
(46 cards)
What is the function of the vertebral column?
Functions:
o Protection
o Support weight
-Vertebrae from different regions present similar characteristics
-The primary function of the vertebral column is to protect spinal cord and spinal nerves
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the splenius capitus and cervicis?
-Proximal
o Capitus: lower ½ nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T3/4, supraspinous ligament
o Cervicis: spinous processes T3/4-T6
-Distal
o Capitus: mastoid process, lateral 1/3 nuchal line
o Cervicis: transverse processes C1-C3/4
What is the action of the splenius capitus and cervicis?
Action: Unilateral: lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation Bilateral: neck extension
What is the nerve supply of the splenius capitus and cervicis?
NS: posterior rami of spinal nerves
What is the distal attachment of the erector spinae?
-Broad tendon, supraspinous ligament, sacroiliac ligaments, median sacral crest, posterior iliac crest, lumbar & thoracic spinous processes
What is the proximal attachment of the erector spinae?
- Iliocostalis: lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
- Longissimus: ribs between tubercles & transverse processes, mastoid process
- Spinalis: upper thoracic spinous processes & cranium
What is the nerve supply of the erector spinae?
NS: posterior rami of spinal nerves
Describe the transversospinalis
- Semispinalis: more developed in cervical region
- Multifidus: more developed in lumbar region
- Rotatores: more developed in thoracic region
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the Transversospinalis?
- Proximal: transverse processes
- Distal: spine of vertebrae
- In oblique, superior & medial direction
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the Semispinalis?
- Proximal: transverse processes of C4-T12
- Distal: between superior & inferior nuchal lines, nuchal ligament
What is the action of the Semispinalis?
Action: contralateral rotation of cervical region & extension of vertebral column
What is the nerve supply of the Semispinalis?
NS: posterior rami of spinal nerves
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the Multifidus?
-Proximal
o Lumbar: posterior sacrum, PSIS, erector spinae aponeurosis, sacroiliac ligaments
o Thoracic: all thoracic transverse processes Cervical: articular processes
-Distal
o Whole length of the spinous processes of the vertebrae
What is the action of the Multifidus?
Action: stabilise vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column and trunk
What is the nerve supply of the Multifidus?
NS: posterior rami of spinal nerves
What is the action of the Interspinalis and intertransversarii?
Action: stabilise vertebrae
What is the nerve supply of the Interspinalis and intertransversarii?
NS: posterior rami of spinal nerves
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the Quadratus Lumborum?
- P: transverse process of L5 & posterior iliac crest
- D: lower border of 12th rib & lumbar transverse processes L1 to L4
What is the action and function of the Quadratus Lumborum?
Action & Function: lateral flexion of spine & fixator of 12th rib during respiration
What is the nerve supply of the Quadratus Lumborum?
NS: anterior rami of spinal nerves T12- L3/L4
What is the superior and inferior attachment of the Sternocleidomastoid?
- Superior: mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line
- Inferior: anterior-superior sternum (manubrium) and medial 1/3 of clavicle
What is the action and function of the Sternocleidomastoid?
Action & Function
o Unilateral: neck lateral flexion and contralateral rotation
o Bilateral: Neck extension in upright position; neck flexion in supine; accessory muscle of inspiration
What is the nerve supply of the Sternocleidomastoid?
NS: accessory nerve
What are the Prevertebral Muscles?
- Anterior scalene
- Middle scalene
- Posterior scalene
