Week Nine: Language Development (Continued...) Flashcards
What does ESL stand for
English as a second language
What does EAL stand for
English as and additional language
What is contrastive analysis?
the teacher contrasts the language features of
one variety with the language features of another variety (Standard Australian English) in order to add Standard Australian English dialect to the students‘ linguistic toolbox.
What is code-switching?
changing a sentence or passage presented in one variety of English to another.
What is bi-dialectal teaching?
adding Standard Australian English as a second dialect to studentsʼ linguistic repertoires
What are the three theories of linguistic language development?
Nativist, Generative, Universal grammar
What are the five theories of psychological language development?
Cognitive, Constructivist, Interactionist, Emerginist, socio-cognitive
What is universal grammar/Language acquisition device (LAD)?
All languages share similar syntactic rules, and all humans have an innate genetically determined knowledge of these rules from birth
What is the Poverty of stimulus theory?
The environmental language input is too limited and
erroneous to explain language development
What occurs when the POS and LAD are combined?
Generative language abilities
What does emerginist theory assume
That language is a system that emerges in development through perception and use. Although there may be innate abilities in the human brain that make language acquisition possible, those abilities did not evolve for language alone.
What does Cognitivist (or constructivist or interactionist) theory assume?
Is close to Piaget in their approach to learning and examine children’s cognitive skills that allow them to construct an understanding of language; i.e. through imitation or categorisation of stimuli
what is the difference between a cognitivist and a nativist?
Nativists assume we have a brain designed for learning and processing language, while
Interactionalists [his word for cognitivists] assume we can learn and use language because we have a large, complicated brain.
What does socio-cognitive theory assume?
argues that a child needs a second set of skills to
learn a language – and not instead of the cognitive skills above but in addition to them. no matter how intelligent a child is, they cannot on
their own figure out what some sounds mean, but rather they must experience a speaker
using those sounds for the purposes of communication and then determine why, toward
what communicative end, they are using them.
