Week I WET Flashcards
The skull is divided into 3 parts. Name them.
Neurocranium
Facial Skull
Mandible
State the layers (3) of skull bone.
Compact bone
Spongy bone (diploe)
Compact bone
What layer of bone houses red marrow?
Spongy bone
The sagittal suture divides what 2 bones?
Right and left parietal bones.
The coronal suture divides what 2 bones of the skull?
Frontal bone
Parietal bone
Lamboid suture - divides what bones?
Parietal bones
Occipital bone
The mastoid process occurs on which bone of the skull?
Temporal bone
The Zygomatic Arch joins the zygomatic bone and …………….. ?
Temporal bone
Styloid process is on which skull bone?
Temporal bone
State the 3 divisions of the floor of the skull
Anterior cranial fossa
middle cranial fossa
posterior cranial fossa
What is the largest foramen present in the skull, present in the posterior cranial fossa
foramen magnum
Name 2 structures that pass through the foramen magnum.
Medulla (becomes spinal cord)
R + L Vertebral Arteries
What are air sinuses?
Air spaces present within some skull bones.
What is the role of air sinuses?
DECREASE weight of skull
Superior nuchal line is present on which skull bone?
Occipital
Name the 5 layers of the scalp.
Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
Which layer of the scalp is richly supplied by blood vessels?
Connective tissue layer.
The 3rd layer of the scalp, the epicranial aponeurosis, connects what muscular structures?
frontal and occipital bellies of occipitofrontalis muscle.
Regarding cutaneous innervation of the scalp, what nerve supplies the anterior part? (anterior to the ear)
Trigeminal nerve (Cr N. V)
State the 3 branches of the Trigeminal nerve.
Opthalmic - V1
Maxillary - V2
Mandibular - V3
What is cutaneous innervation of the posterior half of the scalp (behind the ear) ?
C2, C3
Muscles of facial expression are ALL innervated by which nerve and its branches?
Facial nerve = Cr N VII
As the facial nerve leaves the cranial cavity, from which foramen does it emerge onto the side of the face?
Stylomastoid foramen
The facial nerve enters into what gland where it splits into its terminal branches?
Parotid gland
The parotid glands are the largest of 3 pairs of salivary glands. Name the other 2 pairs.
Sub-lingual
Sub-mandibular
What type of gland is the Parotid?
Exocrine
The parotid duct pierces which muscle of the face before entering the oral cavity?
Buccinator
Opposite which molar tooth does the parotid duct enter into the oral cavity?
second superior molar tooth
Name a nerve which passes into the parotid gland.
Facial nerve
Name an artery which passes into the parotid gland.
External Carotid
Name a vein which passes into the Parotid gland.
Retromandibular vein.
or
Superficial temporal vein
Parotid gland receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. Which division is secretomotor?
Parasympathetic
What is the parasympathetic supply to the Parotid gland?
Cranial nerve IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve
What is the sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland?
Cervical nerve plexus
Sympathetic innervation originates from the superior cervical ganglion, part of the paravertebral chain. Fibres from this ganglion travel along the ECA to reach the parotid gland.
The facial artery arises from which artery?
External carotid artery.
What bone does the facial artery wind around to reach the face?
Mandible.
What muscle on the side of the face lies immediately posterior to the facial artery as it enters onto the face?
Masseter
Where does the facial artery end?
Angular artery - inner corner of eye
