Week 2 - DRY Flashcards
How many permament teeth do adults have?
32
How many incisors do adults have?
8
How many canines do adults have?
4
How many pre molars do adults have?
8
How many molars do adults have?
12
What is the name of the large fan-shaped muscle on the side of the head?
Temporalis
What are the 2 attachments of the temporalis?
Temporal fossa
coronoid process of mandible
If the anterior fibres of the temporalis contract - what is its action on the mandible?
Elevate mandible
If the posterior fibres of the temporalis contract - what is its action on the mandible?
Retract mandible
What type of joint is the tempero-mandibular joint?
Synovial hinge
What are the 2 articular processes that form the TMJ joint?
Condylar process of mandible
Mandibular fossa of temporal bone
Name 5 movements that occur at the TMJ.
Elevation
Depression
Protraction
Retraction
Lateral movements
Name the 4 muscles of mastication
Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Name the 2 attachments of the masseter muscle.
Zygomatic arch
Outer surface of ramus of mandible (coronoid process as well)
The lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to what surface of the lateral pterygoid plate?
Lateral aspect
The medial pterygoid muscle attaches to what surface of the lateral pterygoid plate?
Medial
How does the lateral pterygoid muslce attach to the mandible?
Enters into the joint capsule of the TMJ to insert onto neck of mandible
To which part of the mandible does the medial pterygoid attach?
Inner surface of ramus
When both lateral pterygoids contract, they cause what movement?
Protrusion
When the lateral pterygoid muscle contracts with the medial pterygoid of the same side, what happens?
Lateral movement
When the two medial pterygoid muscles contract, what is their action?
Elevation of mandible (and protrusion)
The muscles of mastication produce elevation of the mandible.
What group of muscles produce depression of the mandible?
Suprahyoid muscles
Name the suprahyoid muscles that cause depression of the mandible (3 out of the 4 muscles do)
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
Digastric
(Not stylohyoid)
What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular branch of Trigeminal nerve
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve emerges from the cranial cavity through the ……………… foramen
Ovale
One of its sensory branches, the …………….. ………………. nerve, enters into the mandibular foramen and provides sensory innervation to the mandibular area.
Inferior alveolar nerve
What is the name of the space between the lips, teeth and cheeks?
Oral vestibule
What muscle, inervated by the facial nerve, lies in the lateral walls of the oral cavity?
Buccinator
What muscle of facial expression contracts to cause closing/pursing of the lips?
Orbicularis oris
The roof of the mouth is made up of what?
Hard palate (bony)
Soft palate
Which two bones form the hard palate?
Maxilla (palatine process)
Palatine bones (horizontal plate)
Name the 5 muscles in the soft palate
Tensor veli palatini
levator veli palatini
palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
Musculis uvulae
What is the nerve supply to the muscles in the soft palate?
Pharyngeal plexus
(Except tensor veli palatini - Cr. N V3)
What is the collective action of the soft palate muscles?
Elevate soft palate to contact the posterior wall of pharynx.
Seals off oral passage from nasopharynx e.g. swallowing
The tongue is divided into an anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3rd by a V shaped sulcus called the ………………..
Terminal sulcus
What is the embryological significance of the foramen caecum?
Remnant of thyroglossal duct from which thyroid gland developed.
The anterior 2/3rds of the tongue has surface projections of the mucous membrane that make it rough called papillae. Name the 3 types.
Fungiform
Filiform
Vallate
The dorsal surface of the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue has surface elevations produced by sub-mucosal lymphoid tissue collection. What is this called?
Lingual tonsil
The inferior surface of the tongue contains a fold in its mucous membrane that fixes it to the floor of the mouth.
What is it called?
Lingual frenulum
Anterior 2/3rds of tongue - what is the general sensory innervation from?
Cr N V 3
Anterior 2/3rds of tongue - what is the taste sensation innervation?
Facial nerve
Posterior 1/3rd of tongue - general sensory innervation?
Glossopharyngeal
Posterior 1/3rd of tongue - taste sensation innervation?
Glossopharyngeal
The genioglossus, one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue, attaches to what ?
Genial tubercles on inner surface of mandible close to midline
What nerve innervates all the muscles of the tongue, except one?
Hypoglossal nerve
What nerve innervates the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal
What nerve innervates the sub-mandibular and sub-lingual nerves?
Facial nerve
what nerve innervates the palatoglossus? (it is the only extrinsic muscle of the tongue not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve)
vagus (pharyngeal plexus)
What structures lie in between the palatoglossal arch and the palatopharyngeal arches of the soft palate?
Palatine tonsils
