Week 3 - DRY Flashcards
Which bone forms the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?
Sphenoid
Which bone forms the anterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?
Sphenoid
Which 2 bones form the floor of the middle cranial fossa?
Temporal bone (squamous and petrous parts)
Spenoid
Which four bones come together at the pterion shaped suture?
Frontal
Spenoid
Temporal
Parietal
Which bone forms the anterior and which the posterior border of the posterior cranial fossa?
Anterior = temporal (corrected)
Posterior = occipital
What structures pass through the small foramina of the skull?
Cranial nerves
What structure(s) passes through:
Foramina of the cribriform plate
Olfactory nerve (CN I)
What structure(s) passes through:
Optic foramen
Optic nerve (CN II)
What structure(s) passes through:
Superior orbital fissure
- Oculomotor n
- Trochlear n
- Abducen
- V1 (opthalmic division)
- Opthalmic vein
What structure(s) passes through:
Foramen rotundum
V2 (maxillary division)
Note: Branches of it also passes through inferior orbital fissue
What structure(s) passes through:
Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery & vein
What structure(s) passes through:
Foramen lacerum
- Filled with connective tissue.
2 vessels:
- Small meningeal divisions of the ascending pharyngeal artery.
- Emissary veins travels via the cavernous sinus towards the pterygoid venous plexus.
What structure(s) passes through:
Carotid canal
Internal carotid artery
What structure(s) passes through:
Internal acoustic foramen
Facial nerve n
Vestibulocochlear n
What structure(s) passes through:
Jugular foramen
Vagus n
Glossopharyngeal n
Accessory n
IJV
What structure(s) passes through:
Hypoglossal foramen
Hypoglossal nerve
What structure(s) passes through:
Foramen magnum
Medulla
Vertebral arteries
- What groove begins just lateral to the foramen spinosum.
- What artery and its branches makes this groove?
Middle Meningeal Artery grove
MMA (Sayed)
Into which foramen does the groove for the sigmoid sinus lead?.
Jugular foramen
Which major vein emerges into the neck from the jugular foramen?
IJV
In the body of which cranial bone is the sella turcica found?
Sphenoid
Which foramen lies immediately anterior to the groove for the cavernous sinus?
Superior orbital fissure
Which bone are the pterygoid plates and the pterygoid hamulus part of
Sphenoid
Name the muscle(s) that attach to:
1. the medial pterygoid plate
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Name the muscle(s) that attach to:
2. the lateral pterygoid plate
Medial & lateral pterygoids
What are the advantages for a neonate of having a comparatively flexible skull?
1 During childbirth it allows for
2 During infancy it
3 In the event of accidents such as falls
- Bones can slide over/ overlap, making it easier for the baby’s head to pass through without brain damage
- Allows brain to grow rapidly
- Less likely to fracture
What type of ossification occurs in:
flat bones of the vault of the skull?
Intermembranous
What type of ossification occurs in:
irregular bones of the base of the skull?
Endochondrial
At what age do the following fontanelles fuse?
Anterior
Posterior
Anterior = 18 months after birth (1.5 Y/O)
Posterior = 2-3 months after birth
What type of epithelium lines the dorsal surface of the tongue?
Keratinised stratified sqaumous
What type of muscle fibres underlies the epithelium of the tongue?
Striated (skeletal)
What is the acinus
The rounded secretory component of a gland
What do serous acini secrete, and do they strain strongly or poorly?
Proteins
Stains strongly
What do mucous acini secrete, and do they strain strongly or poorly?
Glycoprotein
Stains poorly
What is the function of myoepithelial cells
Contract and expel secretions of exocrine glands
What gland is this and what type of secretions?
Parotid
Serous
What gland is this and what type of secretions?
Sublingual
Mucous
What gland is this and what type of secretions?
Submandibular
Mixed
