WEEK ELEVEN Flashcards
another word for phlebotomy
venipuncture
collecting blood specimens is under
CLIA waived testing
venipuncture
used to collect large volumes of blood
evacuated tube/vacutainer
normal or large veins
Syringe and needle
collapsing veins
butterfly
small veins (25-26 Gauge)
who does test orders
providers only
fasting
nothing but water for 8-12 hours prior to testing
blood tests that are affected by foods and bevs
triglycerides(cholesterol)
glucose)
basal state
early morning specimen (after sleep), 12 hours after the last ingestion of food or liquids
postprandial
after a meal
appropriate supplies for venipuncture
gloves
tourniquet
alcohol wipes, swabs (70% alcohol) chlorhexidine is allergic
non-alcohol swabs (used for blood cultures
non-sterile gauze
cohesive wrap or paper tape
appropriate needle, syringe
blood collection tube
laboratory requisition
cold packs
CHECK FOR ALLERGIES
labeling tubes should be completed when
after the procedure
label tubes requires
- patients first/last name
- DOB
- ID number
- Date of collection
- Time of collection
- Initials of person collecting specimen
venipuncture for newborns to infants to 12 months
require only heel stick capillary specimens
venipuncture for 12 months to 2 years
require finger sticks, capillary specimens
venipuncture for 2 years and older
regular venipuncture
restrictions
fistulas, ports, mastectomy
median cubital
preferred
cephalic
best choice in obese patients
basilic
greatest risk of complications (nerve damage)
other veins if antercubital area is inaccessible
hand (use butterfly)
feet veins (under supervision, due to deep vein thrombosis [DVT])
tourniquet placement
place 3-4’ above the draw site (max 60 seconds)
abnormally high concentration of blood
hemoconcentration
vein puncture placement
anchor the vein 1-2’ below the draw site (don’t palpate the vein)
insert needle angle
15 - 30
disconnecting the last tube after removing the needle can lead to
hematoma
for needlestick injury..
wash the area immediately
for patients at risk for uncontrolled bleeding..
take blood thinning medication, hold site for at least 5 mins
Yellow
- 1st tube of draw
- additive: SPS
- prevents clotting and stablizes bacterial growth
- used for cultures on blood or body fluid
Light blue
- 2nd tube
- additive: sodium citrate
- must be completely full
- used for coagulation testing
Red
- 3rd tube
- additive: none
- used for whole blood collection that is allowed to clot; after blood is centrifuged, and serum poured
plastic: silica
Gold, Tiger top, Red-grey Marbled
- also called serum separator, marble top and speckled top
- additive: SST separates cells from serum
- used for chemistry testing
Green
- 4th tube
- additive: heparin
- used for plasma samples
- determines several chemical constituents or special hematology testing
Lavender tube
- 5th tube
- additive: EDTA
- used to determine blood cell components
- required for a CBC
Gray Tube
- 6th tube
- additive: sodium Fluoride and potassium oxalate
- used for glucose and alcohol blood collections
what determines how many times tubes are inverted
the letters of the color word
Centrifuging process
- blood tubes rotate at a high rate of speed causing heavy elements to be pulled to the bottom
- allow specimen to clot first (30-45 min)
- balance tubes from one another with the same volume
Aliquoting specimen
- divide one specimen into several
- use single use pipette
- wear face mask and eye protection
- never pour specimens
- label new tubes accordingly
hemolyzed specimen
the breakdown or destruction of red blood cells; blood cells rupture
