Week 9: Leukopoiesis WBC Series Flashcards

1
Q

The myelocytic series matures into which cell type?

A

Neutrophils

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2
Q

Describe characteristics of myeloblast (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size = 12-20 microns
  • N/C = 4:1
  • Round-oval nucleus (built like fricking fridges)
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Light red-purple fine meshwork chromatin with no aggregation
    -Scanty basophilic cytoplasm
  • No granules
  • May contain Auer rods
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3
Q

What do Auer rods in myeloblasts indicate?

A

Malignancy due to abnormally formed lysosomal granules

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4
Q

Describe characteristics of promyelocyte (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 15-23 microns
  • N/C = 3:1
  • Round-oval nucleus
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Light red-purple fine meshwork chromatin, possibly slight aggregation at nuclear membrane
  • 1-3 nucleoli
  • Basophilic cytoplasm (might be more blue than blast)
  • Key distinguishing trait: coarse azurophilic nonspecific, (bluish-black) primary granules
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5
Q

Describe characteristics of myelocyte (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 10-18 microns
  • N/C = 2:1 or 1:1
  • More round-oval nucleus
  • Red-purple fine chromatin with slightly aggregated pattern
  • May or may not have not have nucleoli
  • Moderate bluish-pink cytoplasm
  • Nonspecific (primary) and specific (secondary) granules
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6
Q

Describe characteristics of metamyelocyte (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 10-18 microns
  • N/C ratio = 1:1
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Key distinguishing trait: indented (kidney-shaped) nucleus
  • Light blue-purple with chromatin clumps easily distinguishable
  • No nucleoli
  • Moderate bluish-pink cytoplasm (sometimes clear pink)
  • Mostly specific (secondary) granules and few non-specific
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7
Q

Describe characteristics of band neutrophil (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size = 10-16 microns
  • N/C ratio = 1:1
  • Key distinguishing trait: Elongated narrow band shape of uniform thickness, singular lobe
  • Deep blue-purple coarsely granular nuclear chromatin
  • No nucleoli
  • Abundant pink cytoplasm
  • Fine violet-pink specific granules
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8
Q

Define leukemoid reaction

A

Transient, reactive condition characterized by moderate to severe increased WBC and left shift where immature granulocytes in blood. Associated with infection and physiological leukocytosis

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9
Q

Describe WBC malignancies

A

Malignant (cancerous) condition often characterized by moderate-to-severe increased WBC. May be accompanied by left shift. Associated with leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes

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10
Q

Describe characteristics of monoblasts (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 12-20 microns
  • N/C ratio = 4:1
  • Round-oval or slightly folded nucleus
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Pale red-purple, minimal, fine thready chromatin
  • 1-2 nucleoli
  • Moderate basophilic cytoplasm
  • No granules
  • May have Auer rods
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11
Q

Describe characteristics of promonocytes (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoili, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size = 10-16 microns
  • N/C ratio = 3:1 or 2:1
  • Key distinguishing trait: Round nucleus with chromatin creases or cerebriform folding
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Pale red-purple, very fine pattern, aerated network of threads
  • 0-2 nucleoli
  • Paler opaque, abundant gray-blue cytoplasm
  • May see pseudopodia and vacuoles
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12
Q

Describe characteristics of monocytes (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 12-20 microns
  • N/C ratio = 2:1 or 1:1
  • Cerebriform or horseshoe shaped nucleus
  • Central nucleus
  • Blue-purple, fine reticular nuclear chromatin (less distinct parachromatin)
  • 0-2 nucleoli
  • Abundant pale gray-blue cytoplasm, may see pseudopodia and vacuoles
  • More numerous fine (dust-like) red granules evenly dispersed
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13
Q

Where are macrophages found?

A

Two places:
- Free such as in sites of inflammation and repair (body fluids)
- Fixed such as tissue macrophages in specific sites (CNS microglial cells and liver Kupffer cells)

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14
Q

Describe characteristics of lymphoblast (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 10-20 microns
  • N/C = 4:1
  • Round or oval nucleus
  • Central or eccentric nucleus
  • Undifferentiated sparse red-purple chromatin
  • 1-2 indistinct nucleoli
  • Key distinguishing trait: Scanty, often nearly absent, clear basophilic cytoplasm
  • No granules
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15
Q

Describe characteristics of prolymphocyte (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 9-18 microns
  • N/C = 4:1, sometimes 3:1
  • Round or oval and flat nucleus
  • Combo of condensed/clumped blue-purple chromatin with red-purple parachromatin
  • Key distinguish trait: 0-1 distinct nucleoli
  • Often scanty, but visibly basophilic cytoplasm
  • No granules
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16
Q

Describe characteristics of lymphocyte (Cell size, N/C ratio, nucleus, nucleoli, cytoplasm, granules…etc)

A
  • Cell size: 7-18 microns
  • N/C = 4:1, sometimes 3:1
  • Round or indented nucleus
  • Eccentric nucleus often with scanty cytoplasm
  • Homogenous, coarse blue-purple nuclear chromatin (smudged)
  • Nucleoli usually absent, rarely one seen in mature forms
  • Light to dark blue cytoplasm (scanty to moderate)
  • Occasionally a few azurophilic granules seen
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17
Q

If a lymphoblast produces Ab, then it is called a _____

A

Plasmablast

We will not ID this cell on the exam

18
Q

If a prolymph secretes Ab, then it is called a _____

A

Proplasmacyte

We will not ID this cell on the exam

19
Q

What are Russell bodies?

A

Red or white globular inclusions of Ig in the cytoplasm, but may also be in crystals or rods

20
Q

What are Mott cells?

A

Plasma cells with spherical inclusions in their cytoplasm

21
Q

What are flame cells?

A

Brilliant red-staining cytoplasm. IgA production in plasma cells

22
Q

ID this cell

A

Myeloblast

It’s ok if you just say blast for exam

23
Q

ID this cell

A

Promyelocyte

Dem big coarse granules give it away

24
Q

ID these two cells

A
25
Q

ID this cell

A

Myelocyte

26
Q

ID this cell

A

Metamyelocyte

27
Q

ID this cell

A

Metamyelocyte

28
Q

ID this cell

A

Band neutrophil

29
Q

ID these cells

A
30
Q

ID this cell

A

Monoblast

It’s ok to just say blast for exam

31
Q

ID this cell

A

Promonocyte

Dat creased nucleus tho

32
Q

ID these cells

A

Promonocytes

Pay attention to dem creases

33
Q

ID this cell

A

Monocyte

34
Q

ID this cell

A

Macrophage

35
Q

ID this cell

A

Lymphoblast

36
Q

ID these cells

A

Prolymphs

Dem nucleoli give ‘em away

37
Q

ID this cell

A

Lymphocyte

38
Q

ID the abnormality

A

Russell bodies

39
Q

ID the abnormality

A

Mott cell

40
Q

ID the abnormality

A

Flame cell