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Hematology I Fall > Section 4: Differential Procedure > Flashcards

Section 4: Differential Procedure Flashcards

1
Q

What causes RBC agglutination?

A

Cold IgM

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2
Q

True or False: You want to count cells in the feather edge

A

False. Count in monolayer area further in slide

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3
Q

What’s the WBC estimate equation?

A

(Average # WBCs per 10 fields) X 2000 = WBCs/mm^3

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4
Q

Which objective do you use for WBC differential and counting?

A

Differential: 50x or 100x oil
Count: 50x oil

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5
Q

Which objective do you use for platelet count?

A

100x oil

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6
Q

What’s the platelet estimate equation?

A

(Average #platelets per 10 fields) X 20,000 = PLTS/mm^3

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7
Q

What’s the differential path called?

A

Battlement pattern!

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8
Q

What is normal RBC size?

A

~7 microns (7-10)

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9
Q

List some features used in cell identification

A
  • Cell size
  • N/C
  • Nucleus size/shape
  • Place of nucleus
  • Cytoplasm (amount and color)
  • Granules (color, presence, size)
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10
Q

What’s the total WBC (X 10^3/mm^3) count in adults, children and infants (birth to 12 months)?

A

Adults: 4.4-11.0
Children: 5.0-14.5
Infants: 6.0-17.5

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11
Q

Neutrophils increase during ______ and decrease during _____

A

Bacterial infection
Viral infection

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12
Q

Which is the biggest WBC?

A

Monocytes

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13
Q

ID the following for neutrophils:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

10-16 uM
1:1
2-5 lobes connected by thin filament
Deep blue-purple coarsely chromatin
0 nucleoli
Pink cytoplasm
Fine violet-pink granules

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14
Q

ID the following in bands:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

10-16 uM
1:1
Singular lobe, elongated narrow band shape
Deep blue-purple coarsely granular chromatin
0 nucleoli
Pink cytoplasm
Fine violet-pink specific granules

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15
Q

ID the following eosinophils:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

10-16 uM
1:1
2 distinct nuclear lobes
Deep blue-purple coarsely granular chromatin
0 nucleoli
Pink cytoplasm
Large orange-red, uniform specific granules (bigger than PMN granules)

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16
Q

ID the following basophils:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

10-16 microns
1:1
2 distinct nuclear lobes
Deep blue-purple coarsely granular chromatin
0 nucleoli
Abundant pale-blue cytoplasm
Coarse purple-black non-uniform, WATER-SOLUBLE GRANULES -> MAY DISSOLVE IN STAINING AND GIVE WATERCOLOR EFFECT AND BLUR NUCLEUS

17
Q

True or False: you can differentiate between T and B cell on Wright’s stain smear

A

False

18
Q

ID the following lymphocytes:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

7-18 microns
4:1 (occasionally 3:1 especially if bigger lymph)
Round or indented eccentric nucleus with scanty cytoplasm
Homogeneous, coarse blue-purple chromatin that appears SMUDGED
NUCLEOLI POSSIBLE
Light to dark blue cytoplasm
Occasionally azurophilic (actually purple-pink) granules

19
Q

ID the following monocytes:
Cell size
N/C ratio
Number of lobes
Chromatin pattern/color
Nucleoli
Cytoplasm color
Granules

A

12-20 microns (BIG BOIS)
2:1 or 1:1
Cerebriform or horseshoe-shaped nucleus
Central nucleus
Blue-purple, fine homogenous-looking chromatin (less distinct parachromatin)
0-2 NUCLEOLI
Abundant pale gray-blue cytoplasm, may see vacuoles
Many fine, dust-like red, uniform granules

20
Q

What are nRBCs mistaken for in machines? What do they look like?

A

They’re mistaken for lymphs in automated machines. They have one round nucleus with no chromatin pattern and no granules. RBC sized so 7-10 microns

21
Q

How can you best distinguish between nRBCs and lymphs?

A

nRBCs will be the same size as RBCs around it and have abundant cytoplasm. Lymphs, even small ones, will be bigger than RBCs and have greater N/C ratio than nRBCs

22
Q

When do you correct the WBC count?

A

When nRBC count is greater than 5

23
Q

What is the corrected WBC count equation?

A

(100 X uncorrected WBC)/(100 + nRBC)

24
Q

When do you comment on RBC morphology? Which objective is used?

A

Always! Even if normal? 100x oil used

25
Q

What are the 5 different types of platelet morphologies?

A
  1. Macro platelets
  2. Agranular platelets
  3. Abnormal PLT morphology
  4. PLT clumps
  5. PLT satellites (around neutrophils)

Note* can have macro agranular platelets

26
Q

Which cells are not counted in 100-cell differential? Comments?

A

Smudge cells! Pyknotic cells! Comment on their presence if abundant

27
Q

True or false: Differential final report should always total 100%

A

TRUE

Hematology I Fall (14 decks)

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