Week 9: Indigenous Health

Question 1

colonial response to the introduced health problems of settlement

Answer 1

they believed they were a dying race whose need for protection was probably short term

Question 2

segregation

Answer 2

gov. reserve and christian missions established

Question 3

assimilation

Answer 3

• missions closed
• merging populations
• indigenous must take up white culture and be indistinguishable

Question 4

indigenous citizenship

Answer 4

• 1967 referendum right to become australian

- could be citizens beforehand if they renounced any association with indigenous

Question 5

multiculturalism

Answer 5

• 1972

- self determination and self management

Question 6

why is the indigenous population markedly younger than non-In.

Answer 6

• lower life expectancy
• more than half ind. women have babies before 24
• more than 21/100 are teenagers w/ first baby vs. 4/100 for non- Ind.

Question 7

cardiovascular disease

Answer 7

aged 25-54 up to 15x more likely to die from CVD than non-indig.

Question 8

diabetes/ renal disease

Answer 8

up to 30x more common in remote areas

- hospital admissions for dialysis

Question 9

respiratory diseases

Answer 9

20x higher

Question 10

social determinant: poor living conditions can cause

Answer 10

skin infections (mites, scabies)

Question 11

disability/ long-term health condition indigenous vs non-indig.

Answer 11

indigenous have higher rates esp. in age groups 15-65+

Question 12

mortality rates for indigenous children

Answer 12

• improved beween 1998 and 2014, particularly for <1 year olds, whose mortality rates more than halved

Question 13

education improvements

Answer 13

increased proportion of 20-24 yrs completing year 12 or above
- increased proportion of 20-64yrs working towards post-school qualifications

Question 14

trends in main income from employment

Answer 14

increased from 32% in 2002 to 43% in 2014/15

Question 15

trends in family and community violence

Answer 15

unchanged between 2002 and 2014/15

Question 16

trends in risky long-term alcohol use

Answer 16

unchanged

Question 17

trends in psychological distress

Answer 17

increased

27% in 2004 to 33% in 2014

Question 18

trends in substance misuse

Answer 18

increased

23% in previous 12 months in 2002 to 31% in 2014

Question 19

trends in adult imprisonment

Answer 19

increased

77% between 2000-2015

Question 20

trends in juvenile detention rates

Answer 20

decreased BUT

still 24x the rate of non-indigenous youth

Question 21

top 2 areas of indigenous health expenditure

Answer 21

public hospital services and community health services

Question 22

close the gap health expenditure

Answer 22

• smoking (chronic disease risk factors) 161$ mil
• primary health care services (improve chronic disease management and follow up) 474$ mil
• fixing the gaps and improving patient journey (workforce expansion, training, support) 171$ mil

Question 23

why should there be more focus on indigenous in urban areas?

Answer 23

• significant burden of excess mortality and risk factors come from urban areas
• pop. and demographic distribution
• evidence of funding, workforce and service gaps

Question 24

critical factors for improving indigenous health

Answer 24

• empower indigenous to make healthy choices
• self and family
• stop smoking
• eat good food
• exercise daily
• encourage access to local community controlled health services
• complete annual health check

Question 25

main goal of deadly choices?

Answer 25

• encourage access to local health service

- annual health check