Week 2: Structure (Advantage & Disadvantage)

Question 1

What is the traditional view of global health inequalities?

Answer 1

first world, second world, third world

Question 2

What is the United Nations view of global heath inequalities?

Answer 2

developed and developing

Question 3

What is the World Bank view of global health inequalities?

Answer 3

High vs. low income

Question 4

How do epidemiologists who study health view global health inequalities?

Answer 4

• patterns of disease
• from infectious diseases: treatable; preventable to
• chronic, non-communicable: life-style related (e.g heart disease, stroke, cancer)

Question 5

Life expectancy gap between Indigenous and non-indigenous (closing the gap, 2013)

Answer 5

• 11.5 years for males

- 9.7 years females

Question 6

Indigenous adults aged 35-44 are __ x more likely to die than non-Indigenous people of the same age?

Answer 6

4 times

Question 7

Where do Aboriginal people live?

Answer 7

• 30% major cities
• 43% regional areas
• 26% remote

Question 8

two-thirds of the gap in health outcomes for Indigenous Australians is due to?

Answer 8

chronic diseases that have common lifestyle related risk factors (smoking, poor nutrition, obesity, low physical activity)

Question 9

Health differences in rural and remote populations

Answer 9

• higher health risk factors

- higher mortality rates

Question 10

examples of health inequalities in rural and remote populations

Answer 10

• smoking, alcohol, overweight, physically inactive
• lower levels education
• lower access to work/skilled work
• poorer access to services
• rural occupations are risky (mining, forestry, farming)
• long travel
• higher indigenous pop.

Question 11

what is structure

Answer 11

• way social life and social interactions are organised

Question 12

what is agency

Answer 12

• ability of people, individually or collectively to influence their own lives and the society they live in

Question 13

the structuralist perspective assumes that features of society (political/economic) shapes?

Answer 13

• individual/group behaviour
• determines the type of person you are
• influences opportunities / life chances you have (health, wealth, happiness)

Question 14

the agency perspective is interested in the capacity of individuals to?

Answer 14

freely select their behaviour

Question 15

the agency perspective believes that individuals are influenced by?

Answer 15

• experiences past and present and orientations toward future (critically evaluate and choose course of action)

Question 16

according to the agency perspective, what is the debate in regards to how individuals choose their course of action?

Answer 16

• the debate is not about either/or as both are important; rather, which is dominant

Question 17

in australia, SES characteristics are key determinants of ?

Answer 17

health inequality

Question 18

working class, or low SES groups, have higher rates of?

Answer 18

morbidity and mortality

Question 19

health gradually worsens as you move down the ?

Answer 19

social hierarchy