Week 7: Health and Wellbeing in Adulthood

Question 1

what years are considered early adulthood

Answer 1

18-30

Question 2

what are some of the common health concerns?

Answer 2

• transition from pediatric to adult health care models
• sexual health & fertility
• chronic health
• mental health

Question 3

trends in age at first marriage? AIFS, 2013

Answer 3

increase in marriage age since about 1975 (21y.o) to about 29y.o in 2010

Question 4

trends in fertility rate AIFS, 2013

Answer 4

drop in fertility rate for 20-24 y.o’s and 25-29y.o’s

Question 5

what ages are middle age

Answer 5

about 45-65

Question 6

what changes came about to indigenous voting in 1963

Answer 6

amendment to commonwealth electoral act

- indigenous could vote in federal elections

Question 7

what were the typical experiences of the 1960s

Answer 7

• postwar boom of 50 and 60s
• stable, safe secure, part of british commonwealth
• tv not pervasive, much more local world
• not dominated by owning things because people didn’t have much

Question 8

what important event for indigenous australian’s occurred in 1973

Answer 8

removal of white australia policy

Question 9

what impact did the end of the postwar prosperity have on the early 70s

Answer 9

inflation and unemployment

Question 10

how did the world become broader in the 70s

Answer 10

tv more entrenched in homes

Question 11

how was there a major change in politics in the 70s

Answer 11

labour government

Question 12

economic context of the 80s

Answer 12

• unemployment 10.3%
• interest rates 17%
• recovered but stock market crashed in 1987

Question 13

economic context of 90s?

Answer 13

• recession

- economic cycle of booms and bust much shorter

Question 14

percentage of home ownership?

Answer 14

• mostly mortgage 36%
• outright 31%
• renting privately 26%
• renting 4%

Question 15

life expectancy in aus. is

Answer 15

one of the highest in the world and increasing

Question 16

main health inequalities in australia?

Answer 16

indigenous people and people living outside urban areas

Question 17

trends in employment in australia

Answer 17

• rising employment over 40 years (65-72)

- people losing jobs in their 50s/60s often don’t find new work

Question 18

most common underlying cause of death for over 45 y.o’s

Answer 18

coronary heart disease (rates higher in men)

Question 19

what phase of erikson’s theory is middle age?

Answer 19

generativity vs stagnation (40-65)

Question 20

how has home ownership changed over decades?

Answer 20

• 1980s: dual incomes were norm, mortgage easy to obtain
• 90’s: house prices rise faster than inflation (low proportion of social housing)
• 2019 property ‘bubble’ predictions

Question 21

who is at risk of a midlife crisis

Answer 21

middle aged men (high rates of suicide)

Question 22

what happens in a midlife crisis

Answer 22

• loss of self-confidence

- anxiety/disappointment

Question 23

what can trigger a midlife crisis?

Answer 23

physical, occupational, domestic event (menopause, diminution of physical prowess, job less, empty nester)

Question 24

typical ages for menopause?

Answer 24

48-52

Question 25

symptoms of menopause

Answer 25

• hot flushes (80%)
• changes to memory/concentration
• negative attitudes to aging = more menopause symptoms
• mood disturbances

Question 26

trends in male employment rates

Answer 26

fell from high in 2008 of 80% to low of 77% in 2014

Question 27

trends in female employment rates

Answer 27

rising from 46-47% in late 70s to 67% in 2017

Question 28

what is the sandwich generation

Answer 28

• caring for both older parents and their children (some with disabilities)
• often combined w/ working full-time

Question 29

how many australians are considered the sandwich generation

Answer 29

effects approx. 1.5 million middle aged

Question 30

issues with services for the sandwich generation

Answer 30

services for people who need it (NDIS, my aged care) but no services for the carers

Question 31

impact on sandwich generation?

Answer 31

• unpaid carers need support
• they neglect their own health needs because they don’t have time
• strain and stress is enormous

Question 32

difference in superannuation for women and men

Answer 32

women have 47% lower superannuation savings

Question 33

what is the quality of life for older single women

Answer 33

40% of single women in retirement were living in poverty (2012)

Question 34

how is the gov. trying to close the gender superannuation gap
?

Answer 34

• remove rule that those earning less than 450$ don’t get super
• start paying super on parental leave like all other types of leave
• no further delays in increasing employer super contributions to 12%