Week 9 - forearm and wrist

Question 1

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 1

Flexion of the thumb

Question 2

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 2

Extension of little finger

Question 3

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 3

Flexion and radial deviation of wrist (movement of wrist towards radius - wrist abduction)

Question 4

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 4

Extension and ulnar deviation (movement of wrist towards ulna - wrist adduction)

Question 5

Where do the flexors of the wrist and digits lie

Answer 5

On the anterior aspect of the forearm

Question 6

3 layers of muscle of the flexors of the wrist and digits

Answer 6

2-1-3 formation
2 on the deep layer
1 on the intermediate
3 on the superficial layer

Question 7

What does each member of this football team do (2-1-3 formation)

Answer 7

Goalkeeper keeps sucking his thumb
Defender has very long fingers, meaning he can hold a book and make profound statements

Midfielder has quite long fingers

Central striker likes scoring with palm of hand
Two wingers - one keeps shouting FCR and the other FC-U

Question 8

2 muscles in the deep layer

Answer 8

Flexor pollicis longus (goalkeeper)
Flexor Digitorum profundus (long fingered defender)

Question 9

Origin and insertion of the flexor pollicis longus

Answer 9

Anterior radius –> distal phalanx of thumb

Question 10

Origin and insertion of flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 10

Ulna –> distal phalanges of fingers

Question 11

1 muscle in the intermediate layer

Answer 11

Flexor digitorum superficialis (long fingered midfielder)

Question 12

Origin and insertion

Answer 12

Medial epicondyle of elbow –> middle phalanges of fingers

Question 13

Difference between the flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 13

The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts into the middle phalanges of fingers and the flexor digitorum profundus inserts into the distal phalanges meaning the profundus can flex the ends of the fingers (distal interphalangeal joint)

Question 14

3 muscles in the superficial layer

Answer 14

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
Palmaris Longus

Question 15

Flexor carpi radialis
What does it do + origin/insertion

Answer 15

Flexes wrist
Radial devotion
Medial epicondyle of elbow –> base metacarpal II

Question 16

Flexor carpi ulnaris
What does it do + origin/insertion

Answer 16

Wrist flexion
Ulnar deviation
Medial epicondyle of elbow –> metacarpal V

Question 17

Palmaris Longus
What does it do + origin/insertion

Answer 17

Weak wrist flexor
Anchors skin and fascia of hand
Medial epicondyle of elbow –> palmar fascia

Question 18

Where do the extensors of the wrist and digits lie

Answer 18

On the posterior aspect of the forearm

Question 19

Wrist flexion and extension

Answer 19

Wrist flexion is moving fingers towards palm of hand

Question 20

5 muscles in the posterior superficial layer

Answer 20

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 21

All the superficial extensors originate from the

Answer 21

Lateral epicondyle of elbow

Question 22

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 22

Wrist extension
Radial deviation
Lateral epicondyle –> base metacarpal II

Question 23

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 23

Wrist extension
Radial deviation
Lateral epicondyle –> base metacarpal III

Question 24

Extensor digitorum

Answer 24

Extends fingers
Lateral epicondyle –> dorsal digital expansion

Question 25

What is the dorsal digital expansion

Answer 25

Fibrous extension of extensor digitorum tendons on back of fingers

Question 26

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 26

Extends little finger
Lateral epicondyle –> dorsal digital expansion

Question 27

Extensor capri ulnaris

Answer 27

Wrist extension
Ulnar deviation
Lateral epicondyle –> base metacarpal V

Question 28

4 muscles in the posterior deep layer

Answer 28

Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus

Question 29

Extensor indicis

Answer 29

Extends index finger
Inserts into dorsal digital expansion

Question 30

Extensor pollicis longus

Answer 30

Extends thumb
Inserts into distal phalanx (therefore extends every digit in thumb)

Question 31

Extends pollicis brevis

Answer 31

Extends joint
Inserts into proximal phalanx (dosent extend IP joint)

Question 32

Abductor pollicis longus

Answer 32

Abducts and extends thumb
Inserts into base metacarpal I

Question 33

Thenar and hypothenar eminence

Answer 33

Thenar - fleshy compartment at base of thumb - moves the thumb
Hypothenar - fleshy compartment at base of little finger - moves the digiti minimi

Question 34

2 muscles that create opposition of the thumb and little finger

Answer 34

Opponens policis muscle
Opponens digiti minimi

Question 35

2 muscles that flex the thumb and little finger

Answer 35

Flexor pollicis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi

Question 36

2 muscles that abduct the thumb and little finger

Answer 36

Abductor pollicis brevis and abductor digiti minimi

Question 37

How does abduction and adduction work in the hand

Answer 37

We take a new centre line - the middle finger
Movement away from middle finger = abduction

Question 38

Muscles that adduct the fingers

Answer 38

First palmar interosseous - on the side of the first finger towards the middle finger
Second palmar interosseous (on third finger)
Third palmar interosseous (on fourth finger)

Question 39

Muscles that abduct the fingers

Answer 39

First dorsal interosseous - first finger
Second dorsal interosseous - middle finger - has 2 attatchment points to allow it to abduct from midline both ways
Third dorsal interosseous - third finger
Fourth dorsal interosseous - forth finger

Question 40

Role of the lumbricals

Answer 40

Link the flexor and extensor tendons of hand
Flex at metacarpal joint whilst extending at interphalangeal joint