week 9

Question 1

cerebellum function

Answer 1

regulates/ coordinates UMNs that control voluntary movement, tone, posture

Question 2

cerebellum needs 2 pieces of information

Answer 2

1. UMNs tell cerebellum INTENTION
2. Proprioceptive tracts tell cerebellum where limbs and trunk are (POSITION); Vestibular system tells cerebellum where head is

Question 3

cerebellar cortex is composed of what 3 uniform and consistent layers

Answer 3

molecular layer
purkinje layer
granular layer

Question 4

molecular layer is what layer

Answer 4

sparse, outermost layer

Question 5

function of molecular layer

Answer 5

primarily an exchange area for incoming information (UMN and proprioceptive)

Question 6

purkinje layer is what layer

Answer 6

intermediate layer; huge single cell layer (purkinje cells)

only efferent neurons of the cortex (only neurons that leave the cortex)

Question 7

function of purkinje cell layer

Answer 7

all are inhibitory

Question 8

granular layer is what layer

Answer 8

inner-most layer; numerous tiny cells

Question 9

deep cerebellar nuclei location

Answer 9

deep in medulla of cerebellum

Question 10

how many deep cerebellar nuclei are there

Answer 10

3 pair (6 total)

Question 11

deep cerebellar nuclei function

Answer 11

excitatory (tonically active) to UMN centers; axons leave cerebellum and synapse on all umn cneters in brain

Question 12

what cells are inhibitory to the deep cerebellar nuclei

Answer 12

purkinje cells

Question 13

cerebellum is affected by viruses during what trimesters

Answer 13

first trimester cellular migration and last trimester cellular migration

Question 14

first trimester cellular migration

Answer 14

cells migrate from metencephalon into cerebellar cortex; destined to become purkinje and dep nuclei

Question 15

last trimester cellular migration

Answer 15

cells migrate to form granular layer

Question 16

what are the clinical signs of cerebellar disease

Answer 16

symmetrical ataxia
no paresis or parlaysis
hypermetria
head and neck tremors
absent menace response
postural responses may be delayed
no single loss of function
dysmetria

Question 17

congenital cerebellar disease

Answer 17

present at birth; usually non-progressive (viral in utero or developmental genetic)

Question 18

abiotrphy cerebellar disease

Answer 18

cells die early due to genetic defect in cellular metabolism (ok at birth, early onset, progressive)

Question 19

congenital disease common in

Answer 19

cats (panleukopenia virus) and cattle (BVD virus)

Question 20

abiotrophy common in

Answer 20

dogs (kerry blue and jack russel); horse (arabian and arabian cross)