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Anatomy > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of respiratory system

A

Transports oxygen, removes gas waste (carbon dioxide)

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2
Q

Related to cardiovascular system how

A

Blood Carries oxygen from the lungs and co2 towards the heart

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3
Q

Lungs

A

Terminal air sacs called alveoli surrounded by a network of capillaries that allow gas exchange

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4
Q

Ventilation

A

Movement of air in the terminal air sacs

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5
Q

Respiration

A

Process of gas exchange
Oxygen is added a few carbon dioxide is removed
Internal and external

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6
Q

External respiration

A

In th lungs, movement of oxygen from the alveoli to the blood

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7
Q

Internal respiration

A

In the tissues, movement of oxygen from the blood to the cells

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8
Q

Location of upper airway

A

Nostrils, end of vocal cords

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9
Q

Functions of upper airways

A

Heating and cooling
Filtering
Humidifying
Sense if smell
Producing sounds or phonation
Ventilation

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10
Q

Nose

A

Semi-rigid structure comprised of cartilage and bone

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11
Q

Sinuses

A

Air-filled cavities
Prolong safety intensify sound produced by our voice
Lighten the weight of our head
Warm and moisten air

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12
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat
Hollow muscular structure starting behind the nasal cavity
Lined with epithelial tissue

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13
Q

Three sections of pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

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14
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Uppermost section
Lined with respiratory mucosa

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15
Q

Oropharynx

A

Centre section of pharynx, behind oral cavity
Air, food, and liquid pass through

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16
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Lower most part of pharynx
Connects the larynx and esophagus
Water, food, and air pass through the laryngopharynx

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17
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box
Cartilage connected by muscle and ligaments the provide movement of the vocal cords to control our speech

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18
Q

Trachea

A

From the vocal cords, air enters the trachea, or windpipe
Largest pipe

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19
Q

Brochi

A

Trachea branches at the centre into left and right stem bronchi

20
Q

bronchioles

A

Branching continues getting more numerous and smaller, deep into the lung segments
Smooth muscle in their walls

21
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs
Alveoli are covered with capillaries, where gas exchange occurs, oxygen goes into the blood

22
Q

Mediastinum

A

A region of separation, contains the esophagus, heart, great vessels, and trachea

23
Q

Pleura

A

Prevent irritation of lungs moving against the thorax, each lung is warped in a double layer sac

24
Q

Right lung has how many lobes

A

3
Upper, middle, and lower

25
Q

The left lung has how many lobes

A

2
Upper and lower

26
Q

Bony thorax

A

Protects the organs of the chest

27
Q

Bony thorax structures

A

The rib cage
Sternum
Thoracic vertebrae to which each rib attaches

28
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Control centre of the brain

29
Q

Diaphragm

A

Is sent singalong through a nerve from the brain causing it to contract and flatten

30
Q

Process of breathing

A

Inspiration is a active process
Exhalation is a passive act

31
Q

Accessory muscles

A

Used to help pull up your rib cage to make an even larger space in the thoracic cavity

32
Q

Accessory muscle if exhalation

A

More forceful and active exhalation by increasing abdominal pressure
Abdominal muscles

33
Q

Respiratory rate

A

Breathing rate is controlled by the level of carbon dioxide in our blood

34
Q

Pneumonia

A

Lung infection results in inflammation of infected area with an accumulation of call debris and fluid

35
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Lung damage that blocks gas exchange

36
Q

Asthma

A

Difficult to get air in, more difficult to get air out resulting in inability to get enough fresh, oxygenated air in
The inflammatory process causes increased secretions, blocking of the airways and further reducing the passage of air to the alveoli

37
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike projections that moves microbes and debris up and out of the airways

38
Q

Pseusdostratified ciliated columnar cells

A

Cells in the epithelial lining of the airways of the respiratory system

Fake many layer ciliated columnar cells

39
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

40
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid respiratory rate

41
Q

Cyanosis

A

A blue colouring to lips and nail beds

42
Q

Retraction

A

Use of accessory muscles of breathing

43
Q

Tachycardia

A

Rapid heart rate

44
Q

Polycythemia

A

Increased RBC count

45
Q

Emphysema

A

Alveoli become destroyed

46
Q

Chronic brinchitis

A

Swollen airway make it difficult to move air

Anatomy (21 decks)

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