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NURS 2522 > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

define stress

A
  • a series of reactions to external & internal demands
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2
Q

what is the reaction to stress determined by

A
  • duration
  • severity
  • resources
  • coping actions taken
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3
Q

define coping

A
  • an action directed toward change theu conscious or unconscious thoughts & behaviors to avoid harm and restore balance
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4
Q

is stress good or bad

A
  • can be either
  • good = can motivate you, lead to resilience
  • bad if chronic or leads to harmful effects on the body
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5
Q

what are 3 types of stress

A
  • acute
  • chroic
  • episodic
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6
Q

what is acute stress

A
  • short duration
  • can be intense
  • resolves immediately when stressor is addressed
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7
Q

what is an example of an acute stress

A
  • infection

- argument

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8
Q

what is episodic stress

A
  • self inflicted or recurring stress

- somegtimes cyclical in nature

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9
Q

what are examples of episodic stress

A
  • exams

- deadlines

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10
Q

what is chronic stress

A
  • perpetual, constant pressure
  • usually prolonged duration
  • often impacts health & wellbeing
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11
Q

what are examples of chronic stress

A
  • homelessness
  • chronic illness
  • addicition
  • marital issues
  • malnutrition
  • stressful job
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12
Q

what are 3 types of durations of stress

A
  • short-term
  • medium-term
  • long-term
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13
Q

what is short term stress

A
  • arise from small stressors that result in temporary anxiety
    = increased HR, BP, RR etc. adrenalin rush
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14
Q

what is an example of a short term stress

A
  • near miss in a car accident
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15
Q

what is medium term stress

A
  • often triggered by bigger events

- more profound but temporary effects on health

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16
Q

what is long term stress

A
  • may be chronic forms of stress related to accumulation of events w lasting effects on health
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17
Q

what is the general adaptation syndrome

A

the way your bodt copes with stress

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18
Q

what are the 3 phases of the general adaptation syndrome

A
  • alarm rxn
  • resistance or adaptation
  • exhaustion
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19
Q

describe the alarm rxn phase of the GAS

A
  • body reacts to the stress

= SNS activation

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20
Q

describe the resistance phase of the GAS

A
  • adapatation to the stress

= sustained release of cortisol in attempt to maintain arousal

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21
Q

describe the exhaustion phase of GAS

A
  • bodys resources have been depleted
22
Q

what is the social readjustment rating scale (SRRS)

A
  • list of events that can cause stress

- rates how stressful & the scale of impact each event is

23
Q

what does the SRRS not account for

A
  • context –> what other variables are in play

ex. divorce may not be as stressful for someone who has already had 3 compared to someone’s first

24
Q

how can stress manifest in the body

A
  • hair loss
  • weight loss
  • poor immune system
  • fatigue, depression
  • increased BG
  • HTN
25
Q

what are physical indicators of excess stress

A
  • rapid pulse
  • sweating
  • pounding heart
  • tightened stomach
  • tense arms & legs
  • SOB
  • tense teeth & jaw
  • restlessness
  • sore back & shoulders
26
Q

what are psychological indicators of excess stress

A
  • inability to conc
  • indecisiveness
  • cravings
  • decreased self confidence
  • worry or anxiety
  • frustration
  • depressions
27
Q

what are some behavior indicators of stress

A
  • smoking
  • med use
  • nervous tics
  • absent minded
  • accident proneness
  • hair pulling
  • nail biting
  • foot tapping
  • sleep disturbance
  • increased use of alcohol
  • addictive eatin
28
Q

how does stress relate to coping

A
  • the type, duration of stress determines what kind of coping you use
  • inadequate coping can lead to more stress
  • positive coping = decreased stress
  • coping can lead to avoidance behaviors (ex. procastination) = more stress
29
Q

describe the scope of stress & coping (3)

A
  • stress neutral = coping effective
  • challenge/manageable = coping effective but new skills may be needed
  • stress not manageable = coping ineffective, exceeds capacity to manage, requires outside assistance
30
Q

define coping

A
  • the process thru which the individual manages the demands of the person-enviro relationship that is appraised as stressful
31
Q

what are the 3 categories of coping strategies

A
  1. problem focused
  2. emotion focused
  3. meaning focused
32
Q

what is problem focused coping

A
  • coping directed at eliminating the stressor
33
Q

what is emotion focused coping

A
  • coping dircted at changing one’s emotional rxn
34
Q

what is meaning focused coping

A
  • coping directed at …
35
Q

what are examples of positive coping strategies

A
  • education
  • social support
  • exercise
  • therapeutic lifestle change
  • music
  • relaxation strategies
36
Q

define coherence

A
  • logical & consistent

- unified whole

37
Q

what does sense of coherence mean

A
  • things under control & will work out
38
Q

what is the benefit to strong sense of coherence

A
  • may be related to good or excellent health outcomes
39
Q

describe the role of social supports on an individuals health

A

makes them

  • feel cared for & loved
  • feel esteemed & values
  • involvement in network of communication & mutual obligation = sense of purpose
40
Q

what is resilience

A
  • the abiolity to respond to challenges in ways that are helpful to their own well being
  • often related to stress
41
Q

define resiliency

A
  • the ability of people to cope effectively when faced w considerable adversity or risk
42
Q

what is the outcome of effective coping

A
  • resilience
43
Q

what is absolute poverty

A
  • describes deprivation

- situation where a person cant afford basic needs such as adequate food, shelter, clothing, transportation

44
Q

what is relative poverty

A
  • describes inequality,

- situation where a person is noticeably worse off than most people in their community

45
Q

what are some factors that contribute to smoking

A
  • single motherhood
  • stress from partners
  • peer pressure
  • family
  • smoking ads
  • smoking history
46
Q

what are deterrents to smoking

A
  • health & antismoking bylaws
47
Q

what are triggers for smoking

A
  • stress & anxiety
  • seeing someone else smoking
  • feeling judged for smoking
  • lack of alternative treats
48
Q

what are perceptions about smoking

A
  • helps control anger
  • helps manage stress
  • is a reward
  • gives identity
  • addiction
  • habit
  • the system
49
Q

what are limiting factors for smoking

A
  • guilt
  • stigmitazation
  • shame
50
Q

what are some interventions for smoking

A
  • 1-on-1 support
  • support groups
  • treatment centers
  • smoker anon
  • alternative strategies to deal w stress
  • education
  • smoking cessation aids
51
Q

what is cognition

A
  • brain function

- includes language, problem solving, higher order functioning

52
Q

what is the connection between the mind & body

A
  • stress can impact the body
  • psychoneuroimmunology —> stress = immunocompromised
  • may not always be clear

NURS 2522 (9 decks)

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