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NURS 2522 > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

define health inequality

A
  • refers to measurable differences in health between individuals, groups, or communities
  • used interchangeable w health disparities
  • includes higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or mortalitiy experiences by one group relative to another
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2
Q

define health equity

A
  • means all people (indiv, groups, communities) have a fair chance to reach their full health potential and are not disadvantaged by social, economic, and enviro conditions
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3
Q

define social justice

A
  • the equitable & fair distribution of society’s benefits, responsibilities, and their consequences
  • focuses on the relative position of social advantage of one individual or social group in relationship to others in society & the root causes of inequities and what can be done to eliminate them
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4
Q

what are the 5 attributes of social justice

A
  • fairness
  • equity in distrubition of power, resources, and processes that influence SDoH
  • just institutions, systems, structures, policies, and processes
  • equity in human development, rights, sustainability
  • sufficiency in well-being
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5
Q

what are 5 antecedents of social justice

A
  • society
  • respect
  • political will & popular support
  • justness
  • equity
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6
Q

what are the consequences of social justice (6)

A
  • peace
  • liberty
  • equity
  • just ordering of society
  • sufficiency of social determinants of health
  • health, safety, security for all of society’s members
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7
Q

what is considered poverty in canada

A
  • not enough income to purchase a specific basket of goods and services in their community
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8
Q

what is included in the “basket of goods”

A
  • food
  • shelter
  • household operations
  • clothing & footwear
  • transportation
  • health & personal care
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9
Q

what is food insecurity

A
  • the inability to acquire or consume an adequate diet quality, or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways
  • or the uncertainty that one will be able to do so
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10
Q

what 3 categories are most effected by minimum wage?

A
  • sex: women
  • age (15-24)
  • immigrants
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11
Q

what is ECD

A
  • early child development
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12
Q

what are the 3 effects of ECD

A
  • latency
  • pathway
  • cumulative
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13
Q

why is it important to consider ECD

A
  • impoverishment, inequity, and social exclusion are all exacerbated when they occur to children & continue throughout life
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14
Q

what are latency effects

A
  • refers to relationships between an exposure & experience at one point in life and the probability of health expressions years or decades later
  • early experiences & exposures have long-lasting effects on development (cognitive, affective, and social processes) of children
    A = B
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15
Q

what is an example of a latency effect

A
  • premature birth & low birth weight can lead to an immature immune system,
  • asbestos can elevate the risk of cancer decades after exposure has ceased
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16
Q

what are pathway effects

A
  • represent dependent sequences of exposures in which exposure at one stage of the life course influences the probability of other exposures later in life, and so on
  • exposures to some factor can lead to a dependent sequential experience or exposure later in life
    A –> B –> C
17
Q

what is an example of a pathway effect

A
  • divorce of one’s parents early in life –> reduce readiness to learn at school entry –> affect school performance –> effect later employment opportunities –> low income –> effect health and so on
18
Q

what are cumulative effects

A
  • refers to multiple exposures over the life course whose effects on health combine
  • may be multiple exposures to a single recurrent factor (ex. smoking) or a series of exposures to different factors
  • multiple and/or repeated exposures over the course of early life combine together to negatively impact health later
    A+A+A = outcome or A+B+C = outcoe
19
Q

what is an example of a cumulative effect

A
  • poverty

- DV

20
Q

what is the difference between equality & equity

A
  • equality = everyone treated the same way
    = can result in unfairness
  • equity = everyone treated fairly
21
Q

define health equities

A
  • equity = individuals, families, and communities have fair access to resources
22
Q

social justice may help us recognize

A
  • advantages some groups or individuals have relative to others
  • root causes of inequities
  • need for action to eliminate inequities
23
Q

what is oppression

A
  • when prejudice & discrimination is backed up by systems of power
    ex. education, health care, justice, social care
24
Q

define stereotype

A
  • negative belief, fixed image, or distorted idea about a group of people
25
Q

what are social determinants of health

A
  • conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age that impact an individuals health
26
Q

why are conditions of early childhood important

A
  • includes critical stages of physical, mental, and emotional development
  • fundamental in creating a healthy foundation for adult health
27
Q

what are 4 keys to positive long-term efffects in ECD

A
  • healthy attachments
  • stimulation
  • access to quality child care
  • access to activities
28
Q

why are work & employment conditions imp for health

A
  • people spend lots of time there

- a stressful job can contribute to HTN and psychological problems

29
Q

why is income imp for health

A
  • low income associated w more illness & shorter lives

- effects all other SDoH

30
Q

what is an example of how access to housing is imp to health

A
  • exposure to dampness & mould can contribute to asthma attacks
31
Q

what is social includsion

A
  • the ability to participate in social & cultural activities
  • ability to enjoy social goods such as health care, education, and language services
  • process of improving the terms of participation in society for people who are disadvantaged thru enhanced opportunities, access to resources, voice, respect for rights
32
Q

what is the most important developmental phase throughout the lifespan

A
  • early childhood development
33
Q

what is the social safety net

A
  • range of benefit programs and supports that protect citizens during various life changes that can affect their health
34
Q

what is EDI

A
  • early development instruments
35
Q

EDI monitors child performance in 5 areas of development. what are they

A
  • physical health & well being
  • social competence
  • emotional maturity
  • language & cognitive development
  • communication skills & general knowledge

NURS 2522 (9 decks)

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